No abstract

The purpose of this research was to clarify, based on an actual case, the educational significance of an adventure journey called the "100 Miles Adventure" conducted by arctic adventurers. A questionnaire survey, primarily using the free response approach, was administered by mail to 40 youths and 35 of their parents/guardians, one year or more after participation. The obtained responses were analyzed using the KJ method.The results showed that there is the degree of freedom of an adventure journey, and "human qualities" were cultivated through human experiences without any goal. In addition, while steadfast "companions" and "the importance of the presence of companions" were identified as one type of educational significance, there were also "disharmony with the society at large" and "a gap with friends compared to ordinary life." Furthermore, it was suggested that the experience of children through "companions" also had an effect on the "growth of parents themselves." As a reason for deciding to participate in an adventure journey, which enables participants to acquire this sort of educational significance, it was found that it is necessary to have "trust in leaders who continue to take up the challenge of great undertakings." Going forward, there will be a need to clarify the image of a leader who can realize this sort of adventure journey with a high degree of freedom.

In this research, "sports club activities" are defined as high school athletic club activities aimed at victory in competitions, maximization of individual potential, and acquisition of excellence in sports, regardless of competitive level. The purpose of this research is to focus in particular on sports club activities competitive at the highest level in Japan, and cl arify, based on specific cases, the ideal image of an instructor desired by member students.The subjects were students belonging to the baseball club and the Ekiden club at the private high school "A" in the Kanto region. Based on the selection conditions, 8 subjects were chosen from the baseball club and 6 subjects from the Ekiden club. A survey was conducted based on an interview guide, adopting a focus group interview format and eliciting interactions between students.The survey date was set to November 28, 2021 for the baseball club, and to January 26, 2022 for the Ekiden club. The obtained qualitative data was analyzed by using the KJ method.Analysis results were as follows. For the baseball club, 39 codes were extracted from 85 words, and 28 lower order categories, 8 medium order categories, and 3 higher order categories were generated. For the Ekiden club, 27 codes were extracted from 74 words, and 19 lower order categories, 5 medium order categories, and 2 higher order categories were generated.

A study of the ideal model of the sports pharmacist in Japan's top sports

Low energy availability (LEA) may persist in rugby players. However, timely assessment of energy balance is important but is difficult. Therefore, a practical index that reflects energy availability (EA) is essential. A total of 19 male college rugby players participated in a 2-week pre-season summer camp. Their blood sample was collected after overnight fast prior to (Pre), in the middle (Middle), and after (Post) the camp. Their physical activity in the first half of the camp was calculated using the additive factor method in the forwards (FW; numbers 1–8) and backs (BK; numbers 9–15). The participants were categorized as tight five (T5; numbers 1–5), back row (BR; numbers 6–8), and BK for analysis. All the participants lost weight during the camp (range: from −5.9% to −0.1%). Energy balance in the first half of the camp was negative. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) and serum iron levels significantly decreased to half, or even less, compared with the Pre levels at week 1 and remained low. The changes in TSAT and serum iron levels exhibited a significant positive correlation with the changes in body weight (R = 0.720; R = 0.627) and with energy intake (R = 0.410; R = 461) in T5. LEA occurs in rugby summer camp but is difficult to assess using weight change. Alternately, TSAT and serum iron levels after overnight fast may be better predictors of LEA.