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Isoflurane is a widely used anesthetic, but its effects with increase in inspired concentration on cardiovascular function have not yet been clarified in rodents. Additionally, there are only a few studies comparing isoflurane-induced cardiorespiratory effects between rat strains. Thus, we investigated the differences in cardiorespiratory responsiveness to increasing concentration of inspired isoflurane in SHR/Izm, WKY/Izm and Crl:CD (SD) rats, by increasing the setting values of vaporizer’s dial indicator. The rats were anesthetized with 1.5% isoflurane, and electrocardiograms, blood pressure, and respiratory rate were recorded simultaneously. Thereafter, the inspired concentration was increased stepwise to 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, and cardiorespiratory parameters were obtained at each concentration. Under anesthesia at more than 4%, although prolongation of the RR and PR intervals was observed in all strains, shortening of the QTC interval was found only in SHR/Izm rats. From frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability, an increase in LF/HF ratio and a decrease of HF components were observed in SHR/Izm and WKY/Izm rats, respectively, with 5% isoflurane anesthesia. Blood pressure and heart rate were remarkably reduced in SHR/Izm rats at higher concentrations, whereas the reduction was smallest in WKY/Izm rats among the three strains examined. Respiratory rate was inspired concentration-dependently decreased in all strains. These results suggested that SHR/Izm rats are more sensitive to suppressive effects of isoflurane anesthesia on cardiovascular function among these rat strains.

Introduction Some antidepressants are effective for treating neuropathic pain independent of any effect on depression. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are one of the potential agents to treat neuropathic pain. The aims of this study were to compare the effects of SSRI and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on pain-related behavior and expression of cytokines in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Materials and methods Spinal surgery was performed to apply nucleus pulposus (NP) to the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). NP animals were treated with saline (NP ? S

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