Background Most developing countries face great problems in the medical, and the threat posed by large populations, scarce medical resources and inadequate medical personnel will affect the development and stability of the society. Therefore, for most developing countries, the development of intelligent medical systems can greatly alleviate the social contradictions arising from this problem. Intelligent Medical System is a system to assist doctors to make decisions. Through effective input, the system makes corresponding decisions and provides doctors with corresponding auxiliary diagnosis and relevant treatment plans. Methods The experimental team collected and compiled about 2,156,528 data items based on the hospitalization information of more than 8,000 prostate patients in three hospitals of Xiangya. The ratio of experimental data to test data was about 7: 3. Combining prostate cancer images and physical indicators to assist diagnosis and make decisions, from the extraction of corresponding image feature data to the final diagnosis decision, a new intelligent system for prostate cancer data decision-making based on Perceptron neural network is proposed. In the comprehensive decision-making, the final decision is made by using the rule-reasoning model. Through data collection, medical data analysis and integration, image processing and analysis, and disease detection and decision-making processes, patients are assisted in diagnosis and treatment to solve the problems and social contradictions facing most developing countries. Results Through the study of hospitalization information of more than 8,000 prostate patients in three hospitals, about 2,156,528 data items were collected and compiled for experiment purposes. Experimental data shows that when the patient base increases from 200 to 8,000, the accuracy of the machine-assisted diagnostic system will increase from 61% to 87%, and the doctor's diagnosis rate will be reduced to 81%. Conclusions From the study, it is concluded that when the patient base reaches a certain number, the diagnostic accuracy of the machine-assisted diagnosis system will exceed the doctor's expertise. So the smart medical system can help doctors and Medical experts make suggest more effective treatments.