This study investigates the impact of the legalization of Sunday alcohol sales on several different types of criminal activity in the United States. Method: The 2000-2010 data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) for seven states (n = 1,746,249) and difference-indifferences type models are used to estimate the effect of the legalization of Sunday alcohol sales on different types of criminal activity. Results: States that legalized Sunday sales of alcohol experienced up to a 16% to 23% increase in the total number of violent and property crimes committed on Sundays (p < .01). However, the aggregate impact of this policy change on crimes committed on all days of the week is not significant because of either positive or statistically insignificant spillover effects of the repeal of Sunday alcohol sales bans on crimes committed on Mondays through Saturdays. These results are robust under alternative model specifications. Conclusions: We fi nd evidence that the negative effects of legalizing Sunday alcohol sales on criminal activity are day specific, and the overall crime trends are not affected by this policy change. These fi ndings are particularly important given the ongoing public policy debates about the relevancy of the restrictions on Sunday sales of alcohol at off-premise locations.

Sartorial change from hanbok (Korean dress) to yangbok (western dress) is commonly seen as marking the transitional Opening Port era of the late nineteenth century, when modern fashion emerged, seemingly replacing ‘traditional’ Korean dress with ‘modern’ western dress. However, when examining actual cases of Korean sartorial practice, this linear and dichotomous framework – non-western traditional versus western modern – has limits in its approach, lacking the multiplicity of local meanings and experiences in line with particular social and cultural contexts. This study instead explores the protean transition of dress and fashion in Korea as a way of challenging Eurocentric notions of fashion. In particular, it seeks a better understanding of the sartorial transition and local practice of modern dress and fashion emerging in colonial modern Korea through production, mediation and consumption. Critically reinterpreting diverse sources of object, image and text gleaned from the modern colonial period (1910–45), the framework of production–mediation–consumption builds up a rounded picture of the emergence of modern Korean dress and fashion that materialized through not only yangbok but also hanbok. Reflecting modern ironies of the time and the specificities of colonial society, the dichotomy between the two dress systems (hanbok and yangbok) was rather nuanced, multifaceted and intricately developed in relation to modern fashion, local modernities and the ways in which they evolved in the vernacular Korean context, across colonial and western fashion discourses.

ObjectiveWe estimate the causal effect of social connectedness (i.e., the frequencies of meeting with friends, relatives, or neighbors) on cognitive function (the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Exam) among Korean older adults. Methods We used longitudinal panel data collected before and during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) to set up the fixed (FE) or random effect (RE) models. To overcome omitted variable bias or reverse causality, we used COVID-19 pandemic period as an instrumental variable to estimate the causal effect of social connectedness on cognitive function. Results Social distancing measures during the COVID-19 period decreased social interaction. The results showed that an increase in the frequency of social interaction led an increase in cognitive scores. Specifically, an increase of one unit in the frequency of meeting familiar people increased cognitive scores by 0.1470 and 0.5035 in the RE and FE models, respectively. Conclusion Social distancing policies due to the global pandemic may have increased the risk of social isolation and cognitive decline among older adults. The government and local communities need to increase their effort to develop way to connect adults through the remainder of the pandemic and beyond.

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