Background Comorbid metabolic disorders in patients with schizophrenia are very common. Patients with schizophrenia who respond to therapy early are often strongly predictive of better treatment outcomes. However, the differences in short-term metabolic markers between early responders and early non-responders in schizophrenia are unclear. Methods 143 first-treatment drug-naïve schizophrenia patients were included in this study and were given a single antipsychotic medication for 6 weeks after admission. After 2 weeks, the sample was divided into an early response group and an early non-response group based on psychopathological changes. For the study endpoints, we depicted the change curves of psychopathology in both subgroups and compared the differences between the two groups in terms of remission rates and multiple metabolic parameters. Results The early non-response had 73 cases (51.05%) in the 2nd week. In the 6th week, the remission rate was significantly higher in the early response group than in the early non-response group (30,42.86% vs. 8,10.96%); the body weight, body mass index, blood creatinine, blood uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose, and prolactin of the enrolled samples were significantly increased, and high-density lipoprotein was significantly decreased. ANOVAs revealed a significant effect of treatment time on abdominal circumference, blood uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose and prolactin, and a significant negative effect of early non-response to treatment on abdominal circumference, blood creatinine, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose. Conclusions Schizophrenia patients with early non-response had lower rates of short-term remission and more extensive and severe abnormal metabolic indicators. In clinical practice, patients with early non-response should be given a targeted management strategy, antipsychotic drugs should be switched on time, and active and effective interventions for their metabolic disorders should be given.

BackgroundFor long-term hospitalized patients suffering from schizophrenia, metabolic disease and hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) are common comorbidities. This article is aimed at analyzing the factors influencing comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on prolactin (PRL) levels in long-term hospitalized patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsThis study included 378 long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Common metabolic markers and PRL levels of included samples were collected, and the severity of psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS). Based on the patients with or without T2DM, the samples were divided into two groups. The differences in clinical parameters between the two groups were compared, and the effects of the parameters on the PRL levels were analyzed.ResultsCompared with non-DM patients, the patients in the DM subgroup had lower PRL levels (P < 0.0001) and rather severe psychiatric symptoms (P = 0.016). Female, treated by risperidone, and high levels of triglyceride (TG) were faced with risk for HPRL (B = 26.31, t = 5.39, P < 0.0001; B = 19.52, t = 4.00, P < 0.0001; B = 2.71, t = 2.31, P = 0.022, respectively). Meanwhile, co-morbid DM and aripiprazole treatment were protective factors (B = 15.47, t = 3.05, P = 0.002; B = –23.77, t = –2.47, P = 0.014; respectively). Ultimately, in the DM subgroup, the dose of metformin was found to be a protective factor for HPRL (B = –0.01, t = –1.46, P = 0.047), while female and aripiprazole were risk factors (B = 16.06, t = 3.26, P = 0.001; B = 20.13, t = 2.57, P = 0.011; respectively).ConclusionAripiprazole is a protective factor for HPRL in long-term hospitalized patients, whereas the female is a risk factor. Metformin is beneficial in reducing PRL levels in patients with co-morbid DM. More aggressive and effective interventions are required for preventing adverse drug reactions in women and patients with co-DM.

Background Comorbid metabolic disorders in patients with schizophrenia are very common. Patients with schizophrenia who respond to therapy early are often strongly predictive of better treatment outcomes. However, the differences in short-term metabolic markers between early responders and early non-responders in schizophrenia are unclear. Methods 143 first-treatment drug-naïve schizophrenia patients were included in this study and were given a single antipsychotic medication for 6 weeks after admission. After 2 weeks, the sample was divided into an early response group and an early non-response group based on psychopathological changes. For the study endpoints, we depicted the change curves of psychopathology in both subgroups and compared the differences between the two groups in terms of remission rates and multiple metabolic parameters. Results The early non-response had 73 cases (51.05%) in the 2nd week. In the 6th week, the remission rate was significantly higher in the early response group than in the early non-response group (30,42.86% vs. 8,10.96%); the body weight, body mass index, blood creatinine, blood uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose, and prolactin of the enrolled samples were significantly increased, and high-density lipoprotein was significantly decreased. ANOVAs revealed a significant effect of treatment time on abdominal circumference, blood uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose and prolactin, and a significant negative effect of early non-response to treatment on abdominal circumference, blood creatinine, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose. Conclusion Schizophrenia patients with early non-response had lower rates of short-term remission and more extensive and severe abnormal metabolic indicators. In clinical practice, patients with early non-response should be given a targeted management strategy, antipsychotic drugs should be switched on time, and active and effective interventions for their metabolic disorders should be given.