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Recently, the demand for planetary exploration has been increasing steadily owing to the development of space transportation systems. A parafoil technology for Mars exploration was developed by JAXA, in collaboration with several universities in Japan. This type of parafoil has no ram-air inlet because it is required for flights in low-density environments where dynamic pressure is insufficient. The parafoil primarily comprises flexible structures with optimal storage efficiencies, light weights, and high lift-drag ratios. Parafoil technology can provide space explorations with several benefits, for example, the wide-range scanning of the Martian surface and atmosphere. However, parafoils are deformed during planetary exploration flights owing to aerodynamic forces, which can trigger aerodynamic instability. Although instability has been reported in wind tunnel experiments and flight tests, the detailed mechanism of this possible instability has not been clarified. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the detailed instability mechanism by numerical analysis, as it cannot be realized experimentally. In addition, it is necessary to introduce

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