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Background Breast cancer is a leading malignant tumor which causes deaths among women, and metastasis is the primary cause for mortality in breast cancer. Due to the involvement of many regulatory molecules and signaling pathways, the occurrence and development process of metastasis needs to be further studied. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed small non-coding RNAs that have been shown to play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases, as well as constituting an attractive candidate to control metastasis. In this study, we tried to uncover the mechanism of GBK in impairing breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis.Methods We treated cancer cells with GBK or not, found its target miRNA by analyzed miRNA transcriptional changes and the miRNA target genes by performed with the QT-PCR and Western Blot. The proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo under combination treatment with GBK and DDP was measured by CCK-8 kit and the nude mice tumor formation experiment.Results We found tumor suppressor miR-31 was a main target of GBK. GBK treatment affected the epigenetic modification at CpG sites by downregulating DNA methyltransferases, thus the methylation levels at CpG of lncRNA LOC554202 decreased significantly, and in turn upregulating of both miR-31 and its host gene LOC554202 in breast cancer cells. We also observed significant inhibition of miR-31 target genes under GBK stimulation, including RhoA, WAVE3 and SATB2, which all closely related to cancer cell invasion, migration and proliferation. Furthermore, we revealed that combination treatment with GBK and DDP had synergistic and dose reduction potential in inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, especially in TNBC.Conclusion This study further analyzes the target and underlying mechanism of GBK in inhibiting breast cancer migration and invasion, and provides theoretical support for the development of GBK as an auxiliary drug for clinical treatment.

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