Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common among the aircrew due to their arduous working environment. This study investigated the prevalence of FGIDs in Chinese male pilots and assessed the effects of trigger factors on the FGIDs. A cross-sectional study including 212 male pilots was performed in a Chinese large civil airline company. FGIDs were diagnosed according to the Rome IV diagnostic criteria. The psychological performance, dietary pattern, sleep situation, and physical activity of the respondents were assessed. Logistic regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to explore the association between these trigger factors and FGIDs. FGIDs were observed in 83 (39.22%) respondents, of which 31 (37.35%) had overlap syndromes. Age, flight level, flight time, high-salt food pattern, anxiety, and sleep performance were found to be associated with FGIDs (all P < 0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that the flight level (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.31–0.080), high-salt food pattern (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.28–4.16), and sleep performance (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.11–5.14) were the influencing factors associated with FGIDs. Structural equation modeling confirmed the correlations between FGIDs and the occupational, dietary, and psychological factors with a reasonable fit. The preventive strategies were necessitated according to occupational and psychological characteristics.

The Three-River Headwater Region (TRHR), also known as China “Water Tower”. It is a sensitive region to climate change and plays a critical role in the hydrology circulation and ecological conservation of the Tibet Plateau. Climate change are greatly impacting the climate of this region. However, there exists large biases in the precipitation simulation for this region. In this study, we explored the impact of resolution and physical schemes on precipitation simulation over the TRHR. The results show that a high resolution is necessary for the precipitation modelling over the TRHR with a complex terrain. The precipitation modelling over the TRHR are sensitive to microphysics schemes and cumulus schemes. The microphysics scheme mainly determines the magnitude of simulated precipitation over the TRHR. The cumulus schemes largely influence the spatial distribution of simulated precipitation over the TRHR. Based on the sensitivity tests, we proposed an optimized combination of parameterization schemes that can remarkably improve the accuracy of simulated precipitation over the TRHR. This study is helpful to understand the mechanism of precipitation formation over the TRHR.