We aimed to compare the combinatorial effect of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid (THB) and oregano extracts (OE) with THB alone on the growth performance and elimination of deleterious effects in coccidiosis-infected broilers. A total of 210 one-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments, with six replicates each, for 35 days. Dietary treatments were: 1) non-challenged, non-treated (NC); 2) challenged, non-treated (PC); 3) PC+ Salinomycin (0.05 g/kg; AB); 4) PC+THB (0.1 g/kg; THB); and 5) PC+THB+OE (0.1 g/kg; COM). On day 14, all groups except for NC were challenged with a 10-fold dose of Livacox ® T anticoccidial vaccine to induce mild coccidiosis. All treatments significantly improved ( P <0.05) body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake, compared to PC, on days 21, 28, and 35. However, all treatments significantly reduced ( P <0.05) the feed conversion ratio of PC by more than 14.60% on day 35, 11.76% during growing period, and 10.36% through the entire period. Broilers receiving anticoccidial treatments had 54.23% and 51.86% lower lesion scores ( P <0.05) at 4 and 7 days post-infection, respectively, compared to PC. Additionally, the villus height of COM was significantly longer ( P < 0.05) than that of THB. Although the molecular action of COM remains unclear, OE addition to THB reduced the shedding of oocysts better than THB alone ( P <0.05, 9-11 days post-infection). Most importantly, COM effectively minimized the mortality of challenged birds from as high as 11.90% (PC) to 0%, a level similar to NC and AB, while THB maintained a mortality of 2.38%. In conclusion, the anticoccidial effect of THB can be enhanced by the addition of OE for better animal performance and the elimination of deleterious effects from coccidiosis-infected broilers for 35 days.

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Animunin Powder supplementation on the growth performance and blood components in nursery and growing pigs. In Exp. 1, ninety six pigs(initial mean live weights 27.6 ± 2.63kg) were randomly allocated into four treatments with six replications per each treatment. Four treatments were control(CON), control 0.1% Antibiotics(AB), control 0.1% Animunin Powder (AM), and control 0.1% Antibiotics 0.1% Animunin Powder (ABM). During 4 weeks experiment, ADG of pigs was significantly(P < 0.05) higher in ABM treatment compared with CON and AB treatments. Serum IgG concentration was higher(P < 0.05) in AM and ABM treatments than CON. Serum from treated pigs ABM had higher(P < 0.05) albumin concentration in comparison to CON and AB treatments. In addition, higher (P < 0.05) serum lymphocyte concentration was found in ABM treatment compared with CON and AM treatments. Digestibility of dry matter was higher(P < 0.05) in ABM treatment compared with AB and AM treatments. However, no statistical differences(P > 0.05) were found in total protein content of serum and crude protein digestibility of diets. In Exp. 2, seventy five pigs(initial mean live weights 40.22 ± 2.82kg) were randomly allocated into three treatments with 5 replicates per each treatment for 29 days. Three treatments were control(CON), control 0.1% Animunin Powder (AM1) and control 0.2% Animunin Powder (AM2). During the whole experiment, pigs fed AM1 and AM2 diets were shown higher ADG than pigs fed CON diet. The ADFI of AM1 diet is higher(P < 0.05) compared to that of CON diet. Serum IgG and albumin concentration of AM1 and AM2 treatments were greater than those of CON treatment(P < 0.05). Lymphocyte was highest for AM1 and lowest for CON, with intermediate for AM2(P < 0.05). In conclusion, Animunin Powder was effective for improving growth performance and to increase the concentrations of blood IgG, albumin, total protein and lymphocyte in nursery and growing pigs.

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