Acute kidney injury is a common complication after cardiac surgery and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and increased length of stay in the intensive care unit. Considering the high prevalence of acute kidney injury and its association with worsened prognosis, the development of strategies for renal protection in hospitals is essential to reduce the associated high morbidity and mortality, especially for patients at high risk of developing acute kidney injury, such as patients who undergo cardiac surgery. This integrative review sought to assess the evidence available in the literature regarding the most effective interventions for the prevention of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. To select the articles, we used the CINAHL and MedLine databases. The sample of this review consisted of 16 articles. After analyzing the articles included in the review, the results of the studies showed that only hydration with saline has noteworthy results in the prevention of acute kidney injury. The other strategies are controversial and require further research to prove their effectiveness.

Nurses should be able to accurately assess diminished lower extremity pulses, intermittent claudication, and diminished skin moisture as relevant characteristics of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with hypertensive cardiomiopathy.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence, characteristics, and factors associated with medical adhesive–related skin injuries (MARSI). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS AND SETTINGS: The sample comprised 136 children in the postoperative period after congenital heart surgery. The study setting was in a 31-bed pediatric surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Patients were followed from admission, with daily skin assessments, until the onset of MARSI or ICU discharge. Outcomes were compared by Fisher's exact test, Pearson's χ2 test, Mann-Whitney test, Brunner-Munzel test, and Welch 2-sample t test. RESULTS: The incidence of MARSI was 60.3%, with 85 injuries in 82 patients. The highest occurrence was on postoperative day 2 (27 wounds; 31.8%). The most frequent medical adhesive associated with MARSI was transparent film dressing (n = 74; 86.6%). Factors associated with MARSI were age (P = .000), number of devices inserted (P = .000), Braden Q Scale score (P = .005), duration of surgery (P = .021), cardiopulmonary bypass duration (P = .000), duration of mechanical ventilation (P = .000), and length of ICU stay (P = .000). Children who developed MARSI received more blood components (P = .039), vasopressors (P = .000), and corticosteroids (P = 0.000); required longer sedation (P = .000); and had more edema (P = .001). CONCLUSION: This high incidence indicates the need for greater awareness and prompt action in response to MARSI. Polyurethane transparent film without concurrent use of a skin barrier product should be avoided.

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