Zusammenfassung. Mit diesem Beitrag wird, ausgehend von einer kritischen Auseinandersetzung mit den Unzulänglichkeiten traditioneller psychologischer Grundauffassungen und Schulen, ein integratives theoretisches Rahmenkonzept für sportpsychologische Forschung und Praxis vorgestellt. Das Kernstück bildet dabei die Handlung als intentionale Verhaltensorganisation im situativen Kontext. Demgemäß sind alle psychischen Zustände und Prozesse in ihrem funktionalen Bezug zum Handeln zu betrachten. Die Grundannahmen der handlungstheoretischen Perspektive werden erläutert, insbesondere das System-, Situations- und Intentionspostulat. Abschließend wird auf die Funktionsstruktur von Handlungen mit Bezug auf Handlungsphasen (Antizipation, Realisation und Interpretation) sowie handlungsregulierende Systeme (Automatisches, Emotionales und Kognitives Regulationssystem) näher eingegangen. Damit werden allgemeine theoretische Koordinaten für spezifische psychologische Theorien, für die Entwicklung von Forschungsstrategien sowie eine theoriebasierte Intervention bereitgestellt. Methodisch wird die Handlung im Schnittpunkt von Situations-, Intentions-, Struktur- und handlungsbiographischer Analyse verortet.

In view of the increasing variety of action-theoretical concepts on the one hand and their growing importance in social and sport sciences on the other, it is the aim of this contribution to outline the action-theoretical perspective against its historical background and with its basic assumptions, and to indicate intentions and achievements as well as deficiencies. Four basic assumptions are considered to be characteristic of the action-theoretical perspective: the conception of action as a system process (system postulate), as being intentional, i.e., goal-, purpose- and value-oriented (intentionality postulate), as psychologically regulated (regulation postulate), and as a process that can only be fully understood in the context of biological, psychological and societal development (developmental postulate).

Background: Pericardial effusions occurring with pericardial or myocardial metastases often cause serious complications, necessitating temporary or emergency relief by percutaneous pericardiocentesis. However, this often results in recurrences. For long-term therapy success, the intrapericardial instillation of anti-neoplastic agents is an alternative to surgical methods, which are stressful for the patient. Following our positive experiences with mitoxantrone in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions, we applied this substance for the therapy of malignant pericardial effusions. Patients and Methods: 16 patients with cytologically verified malignant pericardial effusions (8 with bronchial carcinoma, 7 with carcinoma of the breast, 1 with adenocarcinoma of the stomach) received an intrapericardial instillation of mitoxantrone 1–3 ×10–20 mg. Responses were evaluated by echocardiography 30 days after completion of therapy. Results: 12 of 16 patients showed complete remission (no recurrence of a detectable effusion). 3 patients showed a partial remission (recurrence of non-drainage-dependent effusion) (CR + PR = 94%). Within the mean follow-up period of 189 days no recurrences occurred. The rate of side effects was low. Conclusion: Intrapericardial instillation of mitoxantrone is a feasible and effective palliative method for the control of malignant pericardial effusions with little strain on the patients, short duration of hospital stay, cytotoxic characteristics of the substance with a correspondingly high rate of response and low side effects.

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