Given the fact that most literature on the activities of the Oil Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in Niger Delta region focuses on corporate inattentiveness to the needs of the communities and the chronic corporate and government socioeconomic irresponsibility, this study used Stakeholder theory and critical ethnography research method to examine the relationship between attentiveness to the needs of communities in the Niger Delta region and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). While acknowledging that CSR has several definitions, we support McWilliams and Siegel (2001) 's assertion that CSR is the ability of a business corporation to go beyond legal and ethical compliance by engaging in business practices that seem to encourage some social good, above the interest of the corporation and that which is stipulated by law. The major aim of this paper was to offer practical solutions to the challenges facing natural gas development and exploitation in Nigeria. Data collected from five oil producing communities (Obagi, Obelle, Omoku, Ogbogu, and Obite) in Niger Delta between 2010 and 2013 were analyzed. The adoption of critical ethnography research method allowed these authors to objectively present their findings. This study concludes that only management practices, which support open and continuous dialogue with all the stakeholders and corporate socioeconomic policies that favour socio-cultural, environmental and economic concerns of all stakeholders will reap the full benefits of the Nigerian emerging economy.

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At independence in 1960, the colonial rule in Nigeria transformed into neo-colonialism. Nigeria gained political sovereignty through a negotiated settlement that has retained and maintained economic, commercial, and intellectual ties with the ex-colonial administrators and other western nations. Agriculture, which was the economic focus of the colonial administration took a back seat once oil was discovered in commercial quantity in present day Bayelsa state after several failed attempts dating back to 1913. As oil became the main economic attraction in the post-colonial rule, it had various implications for the political economy of Nigeria. Despite attempts to pursue agriculture as a colonial heritage and for the benefit of Nigerians, the discovery of oil in 1956 and the oil boom in the 1970s laid the foundation for Nigeria's dependence on oil as the primary source of its GDP. Using secondary sources and insight from our previous fieldwork in the Niger Delta region, the main argument in this paper is that, imperialism perpetuated the exploitation of agricultural products while its legacy, neo-colonialism has preserved the exploitation of crude oil to the detriments of other economic ventures and the Nigerian masses. Therefore, we posit that the transformation of colonialism into neo-colonialism in Nigeria has resulted in desperation for Nigerians as this arrangement gives power without responsibility and exploitation without redress.