No abstract

s p ' n currently is expmmctng rapid cuhurd and economic changes that innuen@ food markts. In this p a p , the selrclion and purchase o/ food aruayfmm home and at home in Spain me mod& in a twp slagr proms using switching rtgression techniques with explicit accounting for the value of w m m i time availaMr for household production. The mptncd resulk show lhat the value of w m m i time, income, and household demographic variables are important drlcnninank of b t h participation in Ilu market fir andapmditum on food aumy fmm home. The pap concludes that high-income, joung familia with /nu children and mpL0y.i fami?. h a i s me w e likely to consume food auqfmm home and also to spcnd more than 0 t h on food aumyfmm home.

This article uses bivariate probit analysis to model the potential relationship between the condition of being credit-unconstrained and holding loans as well as to ascertain determinants of a household being credit-unconstrained and likely holding consumer and real-estate loans. It documents that family size, education, permanent and transitory incomes, among others, affect Spanish households' desire and capacity to hold loans. Furthermore, these factors were found to affect demands for real-estate and consumer loans differently. In general, the above and other results from this research provide insights that would interest credit consumers, credit suppliers, and policy makers in Spain.

Current changes underway in Spain are likely to lead to changes in demand for different types of seafood products. Double-hurdle models were used to model Spanish household expenditures on these goods, explicitly accounting for the value of women's time in the case of processed seafood goods. The empirical evidence shows that the set of statistically significant factors in the participation and expenditure equations is not the same for fresh and processed seafood goods. The value of women's time (for expenditures on frozen, cured and canned seafood goods), income, and household demographic variables are important determinants of both participation and expenditures on seafood products.

To date, corporate debt structure research has focused largely on national debt markets characterized by both public and private debts supplies. However, given that most national debt markets are characterized by the absence of public debt supply, the representative debt market of Spain is used to extend the research on corporate debt structure. A double-hurdle test approach reveals that the likelihood of using bank debt is positively related to firm size and information availability but negatively related to firm credit worthiness, while the likelihood of using non-bank private debt is positively related to firm size, growth potential, relative firm size and degree of leverage. Further, it is found that the amount of bank debt firms hold is positively related to firm size, growth potential, information asymmetry, and age but negatively related to information availability. The amount of non-bank private debt is positively related to firm size but negatively to growth potential and age. Moreover, it is found that though some roles of private debt providers are similar in the two distinct national debt markets, some roles of public debt suppliers are supplanted by non-bank private debt suppliers in a debt market bereft of public debt supply.