(1) Background: A large number of patients of orthodontic clinics are diagnosed with improper jaw relationships. Intraoral scanners have become an important part of orthodontic practice and provide an opportunity to measure the changes in the width of dental arches. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of removable appliances used over a 10-month period on growth changes in children with narrowed jaw dimensions. (2) Methods: Twenty four patients were included in the study (a study group—patients, treated with removable appliances in the upper dental arch for a minimum of 10 months; a control group—patients with no craniofacial abnormalities and who did not require orthodontic treatment). A panoramic radiograph and digital intraoral scan were taken, followed by palatal width measurements in Ortho-CAD before treatment, and after a period of 10 months of treatment with removable appliances. (3) Results: After a period of 10 months of the treatment, the study group had a statistically significantly greater mean change in the anterior width of the upper dental arch than the control group. (4) Conclusions: The use of removable appliances in children with narrowed maxillary transverse dimension contributes to offsetting growth changes in comparison to children with normal occlusion.

Introduction. With advances in technology, there has been a need for more precise imaging methods which have become an integral part of the orthodontic treatment plan. Aim. The aim of this study is to present diagnostic methods that are currently used in children with malocclusion. Material and methods. The materials analysed in this review are articles from PubMed and Google Scholar. To identify relevant publications, the search was carried out using the key word combination: imaging, diagnostics, malocclusion, children, orthodontics. The number of 16 research papers in which these keywords appeared were qualified for this review. Results. According to the mentioned publications, pantomographic images are the most frequently recommended method for detecting dental anomalies. Cephalometry was used to observe changes in the facial axis and to measure the length of the jaw. CBCT is being used more and more often, mainly to identify possible prognostic factors in the case of canine retention/eruption in the maxilla. The method of magnetic resonance imaging was also compared with cephalometric images. Conclusions. 1. The pantomogram is a useful and frequently used method in the detection of craniofacial anomalies. 2. Cephalometry allows the effects of the treatment to be monitored. 3. CBCT is a significant diagnostic tool to assess the growth of craniofacial structures. 4. MRI diagnostics limits the patient’s exposure to harmful ionizing radiation. 5. There is a need to educate medical staff and conduct further research on the methods of diagnostic imaging in children.

Introduction. Despite the large number of analgesic drugs available currently, pain therapy is still a challenging issue for researchers and clinicians. The search for new drugs that could relieve patients from pain is not only justified, but also highly recommended. Objective.This study aimed to perform antinociceptive screening of 4 various 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione derivatives (TPB-2, TPB-4, TPF-32 and TPF-38) in the hot-plate test in mice, which is an experimental model allowing the testing of compounds alleviating acute thermal pain. Materials and method. Experimental verification of the antinociceptive effects of the tested compounds (administered intraperitoneally in a constant dose of 300 mg/kg) was performed in the hot-plate test in mice, by calculating maximum possible antinociceptive effects (MPAE in %) at 4 various pretreatment times (15, 30, 60 and 120 min.). Results. TPB-2 exerted strong antinociceptive effects with MPAE ranging between 18.54-35.43% in the hot-plate test. Similarly, TPF-32 exerted firmly established antinociceptive effects with MPAE ranging from 13.50-37.05%. In the case of TPB-4 and TPF-38, both compounds produced slight changes in MPAE in the hot-plate test in mice. These agents can be classified as virtually ineffective in the hot-plate test. Conclusions. The screening test revealed that TPB-2 and TPF-32 exerted a clear-cut antinociceptive effect in the hot-plate test in mice. If the results from this study were to be translated to clinical settings, both TPB-2 and TPF-32 might be beneficial drugs for pain relief in humans.