[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and simple exercise on subjective pain reduction and blood flow velocity in supraspinatus tear patients and to evaluate muscle recovery. [Subjects and Methods] The 20 subjects of this study were diagnosed with supraspinatus tears by MRI. The subjects have performed PNF techniques and Simple exercise for 12 weeks. [Results] After 12 weeks of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and simple exercise, the blood flow velocity, Visual Analogue Scale, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score showed statistically significant difference. Also, the difference between the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and simple exercise was statistically significant. [Conclusion] In conclusion, 12 weeks of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment and simple exercise therapy had no effect on pain reduction in patients with supraspinatus tear, but in terms of functionality, the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation treatment was effective.

The objective of this study was to determine appropriate knee angles for the abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) through evaluation of changes in contraction ratios of the abdominal muscles and activity of quadriceps muscle in relation to changes in knee angles occurring while the ADIM is performed in the wall support standing (WSS). 20 subjects performed the ADIM at different knee angles (0°, 20°, 40°, 60°) in random order, standing at a point 6 inches away from the wall with the spine maintained in the neutral position. The WSS with knee flexion at 20° showed significantly higher preferential contraction ratio (PCR) of transversus abdominis (TrA) compared to other positions (0°, 40°, 60°). Therefore, performing the ADIM in the WSS with knee flexion at 20° appears to be the most appropriate position for TrA PCR.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of stabilizing exercise using the PNF technique on standing balance in one-leg and double-leg stances. [Subjects and Methods] The present study recruited 34 healthy participants from a local university. The Participants performed four balance tests (double-leg stance with and without vision, one-leg stance with and without vision), before and after exercise. The exercise consisted of exercises performed using PNF techniques (stabilizing reversal and rhythmic stabilization), which were applied to facilitate trunk musculature. To examine balance ability, total displacement of the center of pressure was measured during balance tests. [Results] The total anterior–posterior center of pressure displacement was significantly reduced after applying rhythmic stabilization compared before exercise regardless of the balance test conditions. [Conclusion] The present results suggest that trunk stability exercise using rhythmic stabilization could effectively enhance balance ability under one-leg and double-leg conditions.

| Abstract |1 )ㄴ PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of exercise combined with scapular stabilizing on resting scapular position (RSP) in breast cancer-related lymphedema patients. METHODS:A total of 20 patients with lymphedema after mastectomy participated in the study. All assessments of the patients edema sides (ES) and non-edema sides (NES) were evaluated. The assessment tools used wad RSP. RSP are; 1) scapular index, 2) 8th thoracic spines process (T8S) to inferior angle of scapular (IA) distance, 3) standing pectoralis minor (PM) distance, and 4) PM index (PMI). All patients carried out a scapular stabilizing exercise seven times a week for 8 weeks.The collected data were analyzed with PASW 18.0. The statistical significance (α) was 0.05. †Corresponding Author : hj0237895@hanmail.net This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. RESULTS:According to the results, all the variable between the ES and NES for RSP were statistically significant (p<0.05) in the pre-test. After the exercise, the differences in T8S to IA distance and the PMI between the ES and NES weren't statistically significant. The results of the RSP showed a significant improvement in T8S to IA distance, standing PM distance, and PMI. CONCLUSION:The results of this study showed that, performing the scapular stabilizing exercise had a significant effect on improving RPS in breast cancer-related lymphedema patients.

Patients who had total knee arthroplasty showed decreased sit-to-stand and static standing balance ability compared with the control group in the initial period after surgery.