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Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been widely used for fermentation of refined starch and sugar. S.cerevisiae is unable to utilize pentose sugars such as xylose and arabinose etc. Hence pentose utilizing three standard cultures Candida tropicalis Y-27405, Candida intermedia MTCC-1404 and Candida tropicalis Y-1552 were screened for best ethanol and C. intermedia MTCC-1404 was found to be best ethanol producer. Further the effect of different process parameters like initial pH, temperature, agitation, concentration of xylose, initial glucose concentration, inoculum size and fermentation time on ethanol yield by selected organism C. intermedia MTCC-1404 for ethanol production. The yield of ethanol obtained under optimal conditions was 0.4±0.012 g/g.

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This is the study which reported the use of, Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) for xylitol production. In this study a simple reliable and efficient hydrolysis by dilute acid hydrolysis using 2% (v/v) H 2 SO 4 was carried out at 121 0 C for 60 min. The acid pretreatment was concentrated under vacuum using rotavapor and further detoxified using overliming and subsequent activated charcoal treatment. The sugars achieved after concentration and detoxification (50±0.3g/l) was subjected to xylitol fermentation using Candida tropicalis Y-27405. A maximum xylitol concentration of 32.5g/l was obtained after 48 hr of fermentation, with a yield of 0.65gxylitol/g xylose and productivity of 0.67g/l/h.