BACKGROUND Mastoid pressure bandage post otological surgeries are usually applied to prevent post-operative wound haematoma and proper wound cover. Many other materials (e.g. Micropore, Dynaplast) are used instead of conventional bandage. AIMS The purpose of this study was to assess whether compressive head bandages are necessary after ear surgery to prevent complications such as haematoma or wound infection.

Microsponge type of drug delivery is the latest technology which has been introduced in topical skin care, drug products to facilitate the controlled release of the active medicament into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and control local cutaneous reactions to active drugs. Microsponge can be loaded into a topical route of drug delivery system for the residue of dosage form of skin and thus controlled release drug delivery system is achieved and in return improving the patient compliance by providing target drug delivery system and prolonging dosage intervals. Microsponge is polymeric delivery systems composed of porous microspheres. They are tiny sponge-like spherical particles and posses large porous surface area. Furthermore, they may enhance stability, reduce side effects, improve patient compliance and modify drug release. Microsponges are the polymer-based microspheres system that has the capacity to entrap a wide variety of substances, and can then be incorporated into a different formulation. Keywords: Microsponge Delivery System, Quasi- emulsion solvent diffusion.

3D-printing has revolutionized various industries and scientific research by its substantial benefits such as fast prototyping, high accuracy, durability, and customized shapes. Fused deposition modeling has been used in the fabrication of 3D-printed nanocarbon electrodes. Utilization of these 3D-printed nanocarbon electrodes in the identification of organophosphates (OPs) such as parathion, methyl parathion, paraoxon, and fenitrothion, has not been reported. These compounds are highly toxic and used as chemical warfare agents and pesticides. Herein, we show that 3D-printing can be utilized for lowcost and diagnosis of priority nerve agents.

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