The present study was carried out drawing a sample of 120 dairy farmers using random sampling from the three blocks of Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh and from each block two villages were selected randomly. Production and Reproduction is one of the most important considerations to determine the profitability of buffalo. The parameters of productive and reproductive performance of buffalo were as under: Average daily milk yield, 5.36±1.2 lit./ day/buffalo, lactation length, 293.5±27.1 days/buffalo, lactation milk yield, 1636.4±189 lit./ buffalo, peak yield, 8.1±1.9 lit./buffalo, dry period, 156.4±39.6 days/buffalo, Age at first calving, 1482±162 days/buffalo, Service period, 142±26 days/buffalo, Service per Conception, 2.57±0.45 times/buffalo and Calving interval was 450.2±35.1 days/buffalo. The results showed that dry period and service period were found to be high which resulted in increase in inter-calving period, thereby leading to the increase in unproductive period among buffaloes of the study area.