No abstract

An ocular defect can be due to many reasons such as congenital absence of an eye and acquired causes which occurs due to enucleation or exenteration procedure. Ocular defects requires urgent rehabilitation to prevent further changes and to prevent shrinkage. In this article we are going to describe a for fabrication of a prosthesis that should be light weighted (pneumatic) using a lost salt technique basically to reduce the weight of prosthesis for large socket, to overcome the worsening effects of conventional solid prosthesis.

The study aimed to assess the effect of mandibular advancement device (MAD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea for reduction in 24-h mean blood pressure, sleep quality, Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), and patient compliance, compared to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), other interventions, or no treatment. Three different databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched using different search terms till July 2021 as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After inclusion of studies, data extraction including risk of bias assessment was done. For each study, we used odds ratio, mean difference, and 95% confidence interval to assess and synthesize the outcomes. The quality of evidence was evaluated as per the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Twenty-one randomized controlled trials were included: 497 patients in the MAD group, 239 patients in the CPAP group, and 274 patients in the sham group. In MAD-CPAP comparison, the results favored CPAP in the reduction of AHI of 3.48 (1.76-5.19). However, unclear results were found for sleep quality measured as Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), patient compliance, and 24-h mean blood pressure. In MAD-sham comparison, the results favored MAD in the reduction of AHI of − 8.39 (−10.90–−5.88] and ESS of − 0.91 (−1.70–−0.12) and favored sham in terms of patient compliance while, unclear results for 24-h mean blood pressure. The GRADE score indicated that the quality of evidence is very low, low, and moderate for different outcomes. CPAP in comparison to MAD and MAD in comparison to sham showed a significant AHI reduction. However, patient compliance and 24-h mean blood pressure were not significantly different in MAD-CPAP or MAD-sham. Quality of evidence is very low and low when MAD was compared with CPAP and sham, respectively, for AHI.

Aim: The main purpose was to evaluate the effect of complete denture rehabilitation on the jaw growth pattern in individuals with ectodermal dysplasia from an early age to maturity. Settings and Design: This was a prospective in vivo study performed in the Department of Prosthodontics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India. Materials and Methods: Rehabilitation with three sets of conventional complete dentures was completed in an ectodermal dysplasia case at the age of 5, 10, and 17 years. Cephalometric and diagnostic cast analyses were the methods performed to evaluate jaw growth patterns. Linear and angular measurements obtained after denture rehabilitation were averaged and compared with mean standard values of nearly corresponding ages, as given by Sakamoto and Bolton. Conversely, alveolar ridge arch width and length were evaluated for their dimensional changes during the same age intervals. Statistical Analysis Used: Mann–Whitney U -test was used to check the difference between the groups. The significance of the level adopted was 5%. Results: Nasion-anterior nasal spine, anterior nasal spine-menton, anterior nasal spine-pterygomaxillary fissure, gonion-sella, and gonion-menton lengths were found to be not statistically significant than the mean standard values of nearly corresponding ages ( P > 0.05). The decrease in facial plane angle, increase in Y-axis angle, and mandibular plane angle after complete denture rehabilitation were statistically significant when compared to their mean standard values ( P < 0.05). Cast analysis showed more increase in the length compared to the width in both arches. Conclusion: Complete denture rehabilitation did not significantly affect the jaw growth pattern, although it improved facial esthetics and masticatory activity by establishing adequate vertical dimensions.

An ocular defect may follow removal of a part or an entire orbit that results in visual impairment as well as esthecially and psychologically handicapped. Loosing eye is trauma not just to the patient but also for the family members. Restoring an ocular defect bring backs esthetics but also the confidence that has been lost. Rehabilitation is also very important as this also preserves the contour of remaining structure. Different materials can be used for ocular defects rehabilitation like silicone or acrylic. This is a case report of a patient with a 'pthisicial eye' and mainly focussed on the fabrication of an ocular prosthesis.