The sugars and acids of the spring sap from the Finnish birches Bet&a pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula var. care&a Mercklin were analyzed. The TMS-derivatives of the sugars and acids were analyzed by capillary GLC-MS. The qualitative compositions did not vary among species and varieties. In order of decreasing levels, the sugars (g * L-l) were glucose (2.5-4.7), fructose (2.3-4.5), sucrose (<0.7), galactose (

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