Water is among the most important factors affected growth, yield and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants since its deficiency may cause serious growth harms and yield losses. Egypt suffers from a scarcity of water, so each drop should be preserved. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the suitable irrigation treatment (120, 100 and 80% ETo (evapotranspiration) and humic acid amounts (control), 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 cm/L) that attain the highest growth, yield and essential oil of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L. Herit Aiton) under surface irrigation in clay soil at El Kanater El Khairiya. Results showed that humic acid alleviated the deteriorative effect of water deficiency, where plants irrigated with 120% ETo and treated with 2.0 cm/L humic acid improved the growth characters in terms of plant height, number of branches, fresh, dry weights and volatile oil yield. While, the highest volatile oil percentage and proline content were recorded at 80% ETo with humic acid at 2.0 cm/L treatment during the two growing seasons. Results also showed that the applied irrigation water under 120% ETo treatment was 7192 m3/fed averaged over the two growing seasons attained the highest yield. The highest values of water use efficiency and water productivity were 14.1 and 10.0 averaged over the two growing seasons attained under 80% ETo and application of 2.0 cm/L humic acid. Thus, it can be concluded that the required irrigation water for geranium is under 120% ETo. However, under water deficiency, 80% ETo and 2.0 cm/L humic acid could be applied, which increase geranium yield by 24%, compared to the 120% ETo treatment averaged over the two growing seasons.

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This investigation was conducted in a private farm, Samannoud district, El-Gharbia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons of 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of organic fertilizers and foliar spray of amino acid on vegetative growth, fruit yield, chemical composition and capsaicin content of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L var. Minimum) plant. The experiment included 13 treatments obtained from cattle manure at rates of 60 and 30 N-units per fed. combined with amino acid at 0, 100 and 200 ppm as well as chicken fertilizer at rates of 60 and 30 N-units per fed combined with amino acid at 0, 100 and 200 ppm, besides the treatment of NPK at recommended dose as a control. A complete randomized block design with three replicates was adopted. The obtained results showed that, the highest values from vegetative growth parameters,  fruit yield, chemicals composition and capsaicin content were obtained from plants treated with cattle manure full dose + 200 ppm amino acids , followed by plants treated with chicken manure full dose + 200 ppm amino acids compared with all treatments except plant height, the highest value was obtained from plants treated with NPK (control) in the two seasons. Amino acid had a great effect when added with organic fertilization, whether cattle manure or chicken fertilizer at a concentration of 100 or 200 ppm. Based on the previous results, it could be recommend that spraying amino acids (glycine and glutamine) at the rate of 200 ppm along with organic fertilizers at the rate of 60 nitrogen units per feddan get the highest fruits yield, Vitamin C and capsaicin of hot pepper.

This study was carried out during the two successive growing seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at the Farm of Ali Mubarak, South Tahrir, El-Bahira Governorate, Horticulture Research Station. Egypt, aiming to study the impact of some bio-fertilizers (Mycorrhiza, Algae, and PGPR) combined with 3 levels of irrigation (800, 1200, and 1600m 3 /fed treatments and their interactions on vegetative growth, essential oil %, essential oil components, N, P, K%, and proline content of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant grown in a sandy soil. The obtained results could be summarized as follows; a significant increase in plant height, number of branches, and fresh and dry weights per plant were recorded with irrigation at 1200 m 3 /fed. On the other hand, the highest oil percentages and oil yield/ plant resulted under the effect of irrigation at 800 m 3 /fed biofertilizer treatments also, increased vegetative growth parameters i.e., plant height, number of branches, herb fresh and dry weights/ plant and oil percentage, and yield/plant. Irrigation at the rate of 1200 m 3 /fed, and PGPR alone or their combination resulted in the highest values of the above-mentioned traits (plant growth, parameters). However, the combination between irrigation at 800 m 3 /fed and PGPR showed the highest values of oil percentage and oil yield/plant. The N, P and K% in dried herb recorded their higher values with medium irrigation, i.e., at the rate 1200 m 3 in both cuts. Also, the results showed that there was a steady significant increase in proline content due to decreasing the irrigation rate. This investigation supports the application of naturallyoccurring plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and microorganism to advance plant development and sustainable option for farmers under deficit water to maximize the yield of rosemary plant.

resent study was conducted in the seasons of 2017 and 2018 at the Central Laboratory for Agriculture Climate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza., to investigate the influence of some phenolic chelate compounds (Humic acid, Potassium benzoate and Salicylic acid) in three levels (1.0gm., 1.5gm. and 2.0gm. /L) on the susceptibility of marjoram plants to the infection with Aphis gossypii Glover, Thrips tabaci Lind., and Tetranychus urticae Koch as well as yield, growth features and essential oil contents. The results proved that the using of 2.0gm./L of salicylic acid, potassium benzoate and humic acid as fertilizers to marjoram plants, caused highly significant infestation reduction of target pests' as well as the effects on the growth characteristics in the first and second cuts in both seasons. Resulted in an increasing number of branches per plant in addition increased plant height, also, it caused significantly increasing in fresh and dry weights. The highest oil yield / plant were obtained with applying salicylic acid at 2.0g/L. Leaf area (cm 2) of marjoram was increased by different foliar spraying by humic acid and salicylic acid in the 1 st and 2 nd cut of both seasons. Foliar application of potassium benzoate gave poor results in this concern.