The present research featured Yiddish idioms of ill-wishing, which can be considered as both phraseological units and micro-texts. The study featured semantic and stylistic analysis, analysis of dictionary definitions, and the traditional descriptive method. The authors tried to answer some current issues using the case of Yiddish ill wishes. The paper focuses on cultural, mythological, religious, and universal foundations of phraseology, as well as the functions of the idioms in question. It introduces some thematic and semantic characteristics of Yiddish ill wishes, e.g. get-ill wishes, death-wishes, ill wishes per se, cursing one’s family, etc., as well as their lexical and grammatical stylistic features. Yiddish ill wishes proved to form a specific component of the Yiddish lexicon, motivated by both popular and less obscure religious, historical, and cultural archetypes and scenarios. It is their external and internal form that makes these phraseological units ill wishes: stylistically and pragmatically, they represent humorous and sarcastic phraseological units of reproachful character and interjective nature. The research results can be used for further linguistic and cultural studies.

The present research featured German texts of mining equipment advertising, namely phrases with suggestive pragmasemantic potential. The research objective was to reveal the semantic characteristics of these language units. The article classifies and describes various pragmasemantic types of suggestive phrases using methods of componential, morphological, and syntactic analyses. The function of suggestion in mining equipment advertising proved to be of specific nature, as it has to oppose the conscious desire of a technical specialist to purchase effective and profitable equipment. The suggestion function in these texts belonged to words and phrases that created a positive image of the advertising object and suggestively described its usefulness to the consumer. A significant proportion of phrases contained the seme "safety", which could be explained by the following pragmatic presupposition: mining is highly dangerous; therefore, equipment should help to increase production safety. Such ergonomic characteristics of mining equipment as "controllability", "manufacturability", and "masterability" also depended on industrial safety. Most suggestive phrases appeared to have an adjective nuclear component, because German primarily uses adjectives to describe quality.

Кемеровский государственный университет Россия, 650043, г. Кемерово, ул. Красная, д. 6 E-mail: Авторское резюмеНа примере идиша показан результат немецко-славянского взаимодействия на глагольно-слово-образовательном уровне, которое выразилось в формировании гибридного языка. Значимость слово-образования в гибридизации языка, в том числе идиша на базе славянского адстрата, заключается в том, что словообразовательный уровень соединяет лексику, семантику и грамматику, затрагивает грам-матические и семантические категории. Славянский адстрат в идише находит выражение в системных копиях: в совмещении славянского содержания с немецкой формой, в результате чего, в частности, произошла омонимизация некоторых префиксов, в передаче идишем славянского вида, в концептуа-лизации ситуации по славянскому образцу и в славянской ситуатеме идишских префиксальных глаго-лов. Гибридизация -процесс такого развития языка L, при котором: 1) данный язык L является материн-ским для вторичного коллектива его носителей, этнически иного, чем исконные его носители; 2) язык L функционирует в среде вторичных носителей и контактирует с языками C, которыми данные носители также пользуются в условиях полилингвизма или полиглосии; 3) с течением времени материнский язык L начинает испытывать влияние, а затем системное воздействие со стороны контактных языков C, в результате чего 4) развивается гибридный язык H, основа которого -исходный язык L, с которым на базе адстрата скрестились системные разноуровневые пласты языков C.Ключевые слова: идиш, славянские языки, гибридизация, словообразование, префиксальные гла-голы, системная копия, адстрат, концепт ситуации, ситуатема. THE SLAVIC LANGUAGES AS A FACTOR AbstractThis article focuses on the German-Slavic interaction in the Yiddish verb derivation that led to the formation of a hybrid language. The derivation is significant for hybridization, including that of Yiddish on the Slavic * Публикуется при финансовой поддержке Российского гуманитарного научного фонда (грант РГНФ № 15-04

The research objective was to show the hybrid characteristics of prefixed verbs in Yiddish caused by its contact with Semitic and Slavic languages. The Yiddish system of verb prefixes, in particular, those with hybrid polysemy, is a phenomenon when the German form and German content acquired a very similar Slavic meaning. As a result, such prefixes retained the features of their German equivalents, while modifying their semantic, morphosyntactic, and word-formation potential. This phenomenon affected some Yiddish verbs under the impact of contacts with adstratum languages and intralinguistic tendencies. The present research featured Yiddish verbs with the ariber- prefix. The analysis revealed that Slavic adstratum semantic characteristics caused the hybridization of the Yiddish system of verb prefixes. As a result, Yiddish prefixed verbs were able to describe and conceptualize situations left out by the German language, but indicated by Slavic languages. To describe the same situation, the same base word in Yiddish could be combined with a larger amount of prefixes than in German and Slavic languages. Thus, synonymous series of prefix verbs in Yiddish occurred as a result of the hybridization of its German-based system with elements borrowed from Semitic and Slavic languages.

This article examines the phenomenon of German-Slavic hybridity of the word formation and semantics of Yiddish prefixed verbs with the hybrid polysemous prefix op- as an example. It provides definitions of such notions as hybrid language and hybridization, outlines the genetic origin of the prefix op- and proposes a classification of situation types described by prefixed verbs with op-. The article writer compares word-forming and semantic characteristics of Yiddish verbs with op- prefix to German verbs with ab- and Slavic verbs with od-/од-(від-)/ад-, demonstrates that verbs with op- represent a situation either following a common German-Slavic or a Slavic model.