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Phytotherapy has a promising future in the management of diabetes, considered to be less toxic and free from side effects as compared to the use of synthetic drugs. The aim of this study was set out to study the preliminary phytochemical profile and to determine the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activities of the Aqueous Extract (AE) extracted from the leaves of Olea europaea L. in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract was obtained by confrontation with organic solvents method with a yield of 37%. The total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined using designed methods and found to be 378.4±5.2 mg/100 g of gallic acid and 125.13±2.8 mg/100 g of quercetin, respectively. The 100 mg kgG 1 of aqueous extract was administered intravenously and produced a significant decrease in blood glucose level (p<0.05). Plasma insulin levels were also determined and the results showed a significant increase of insulinemia (p<0.001). In the other hand, Change in blood glucose in diabetic rats treated in acute treatment (2 h) at doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg kgG 1 in subchronic treatment (28 days) at a dose of 200 mg kgG 1 showed a substantial decrease in blood glucose for all groups treated with different doses of flavonoids in both antidiabetic assays (p<0.001). From the results it can be concluded that flavonoids of Olea europaea can be a potential candidate in treating the hyperglycemic conditions.

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