This research was carried out during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons on Om-El fahm almond transplants at the South of Tahrir Research station Aly; Mubarak farm, to study the effect of grafting dates (Mid-July, Mid-August and Mid-September) and on different rootstocks (Bitter almond, Okinawa peach and Nemagaurd peach) on the growth aspects; scion survival percentage (final take) scion length ,scion girth, root length, No. of main roots/ plant, top dry weight, root dry weight and budding dry weight and leaf mineral nutrient concentrations. The obtained results clarified that grafting survival percentages, scion lengths, stem girth (10 cm above union zone), top dry weight and buded dry weight significantly increased when it grafted on July followed by August and then September through the two growing seasons. On contrast stem girth (10cm below union zone), total root length, No-of main roots/ plant and root dry weight significantly increased when it grafted on September followed by August and then July during two growing seasons. Using of bitter almond as a rootstock for Om-El fahm cultivar almond significantly increased grafting survival percentages compared with the other two studied rootstocks through the study.. On the other hand, using Nemagaurd peach rootstock recorded significantly the highest values of the other growth parameters followed by Okinawa peach and finely Bitter almond through both growing seasons. Data also showed that grafting of Om-El fahm almond generally had the highest significant value of mineral leaf nutrient elements when it grafted in July during the two growing seasons. Using Nemagaurd peach as a rootstock for Om-El fahm almond significantly increased leaf nitrogen content compared with the other two studied rootstocks throughout the two growing seasons. On the other hand, grafting of Om-El fahm almond on bitter almond rootstock generally had a high significant values of leaf P, K, Ca and Mg mineral concentration nutrient elements compared to the other studied rootstocks during the two growing seasons. As a conclusion; from the data conclude that the best time for grafting of Om-Elfahm almond cultivar were mid-July. The best rootstocks for Om-El fahm almond cultivar were Nemaguard peach to obtain vigours vegetative growth and bitter almond for heightest survival percentage.

The present study was carried out on 32 female Jojoba" simmondsia chinensis-Link" shrubs were about 12 years old during 2007 & 2008 experimental seasons. The shrubs have been grown at the Experimental Orchard of Ali Moubark, south El-Tahrir, El-Behira Governorate, Egypt. The shrubs growing in sandy soil in two lines a & b at distance of 5 X 5 meter apart and irrigated with drip irrigation system. The present study was aimed to select the best shrubs on yield and a considerable amount of seeds contained higher oil, as well as propagated the selected shrubs using soft stem cutting to study their rooting ability. The morphological characteristics of jojoba shrubs (vegetative growth characters, flowering, and fruiting), yield as well as seed physical and chemical proprieties were stimated in this study.The results showed that the growth vigor of shrubs varied to be strong, moderate and weak while most of shrubs were a drooping in habit growth. Shrub No.8 b had the highest shrubs height, seed length, width and weight, while shrub No.22a had the highest value of circumference and shrub No. 6a had the highest number of leaves/ meter, leaf area and leaf L/W ratio, number of flowers and fruits per meters in both seasons. Shrubs No.15a, 8b had the highest leaf area and leaf L/W ratio, along with their, yield was differed from first and second seasons. Shrub No.6a was a superior in both seasons with seeds yield of 3.250 kg in the first season and 3.133 kg in the second season.The highest number of ridges was observed in shrub No.2b, number of grooves were varied from 2 to 3 grooves and the highest seed oil content was in shrub No.13b with the percentage of 60.70% and 61.09% in the first and second seasons. Concerning vegetative propagation of the best jojoba shrubs in yield and seed oil content (No. 6a, 2b, 8b, 13b, 14b), data showed that shrub No. 6a had the highest percentage of rooting cutting, length of root and fresh weight of roots, while shrub No. 13b had the highest number of roots per rooting cutting and shrub No. 14b had the highest dry weight of roots.The natural degree of variability appeared enormous, that gives a plant scientist a huge range of possible gene combinations for future selection and improvement of jojoba as a new-industrial and commercial crop.

This study was carried out during two successive seasons (2010 and 2011) on fourteen years old Banati guava trees (Psidium guajava L.), grown in sandy soil in the South of Tahrir region at Aly Mubarak Research Station. GA3 at 300 or 400 and 500 ppm was sprayed once time at full bloom, hand pollination with pollens from Malizi and Gizi guava trees for Banati guava trees as well as branches bending were carried out. The obtained results revealed that most treatments especially those included GA3 sprays improved the yield and fruit quality. However data proved that GA3 sprays at 400 ppm were more effective in increasing number of fruit set/ meter and fruit set and subsequently improved the yield as well as the physical fruit characteristics. Hand pollination with pollens from Malizi guava tree for Banati guava trees significantly increased total acidity and Vitamin C. Branches bending had the highest percentage of total sugars. So, spraying 400 ppm GA3 one time at full bloom was the promising treatment for increasing productivity of low yield Banati guava trees grown under sandy soil condition.

The present study was conducted during 2008 and 2009 seasons on fifteen olive cultivars as a source of cuttings and planted in the experimental orchard of