Corrosion is a process that causes a change of metal to chemically stabled form, by reacting with a solution or with the atmospheric air. There are various types of corrosions such as crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion, pitting corrosion, galvanic corrosion and uniform corrosion. These types of corrosion and the prevention methods are investigated in this review paper. Stainless steel 316 has excellence in corrosion resistance, due to the presence of molybdenum content. From the literature survey, stainless steel 316 has been tested in various experiments to improve the properties of the material. In the present review, several coating processes and additives which are added on SS 316 to improve the material properties are studied. The advantages of these improvements are reduced cost of change of material, reduced loss of material due to corrosion and increase in materials durability. Hence, stainless steel 316 is used for all corrosion applications which causes less damage and high durability compared with other austenitic steels.

The corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel with 10[Formula: see text]wt.% B4C composites has been investigated using electrochemical measurements and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyzes are performed. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is used to achieve various heat treatments, which are performed at the temperatures of 800∘C, 900∘C, and 1000∘C. It significantly affects the materials’ ability to resist corrosion. The increase in grain size improves corrosion resistance, except at 900∘C when recrystallization is imperfect. However, grain homogeneity should be taken into consideration. The corrosion behavior of the composites is assessed using Tafel plots. The corrosion rate of the sample at 900∘C (0.2945[Formula: see text]mm/yr) is significantly lower than the rates of the samples at 800∘C and 1000∘C, respectively, as per the corrosion process of composites of 3.5[Formula: see text]wt.% NaCl solution. The B4C contents have a significant impact on the particle size reduction, low-density average crystallite size, mechanical, hardness, corrosion resistance, and thermal stability of composite powder. It is primarily utilized in nuclear applications as a neutron radiation absorbent. The research has revealed that the sample at 900∘C has fewer grain boundaries and the finest passivation film quality and superior corrosion resistance are found in intermediate grain size.

Corrosion is a destructive process that converts the pure metal into a chemically stabled form by hydroxide or sulphide and it is a slow process of destruction on the material by the chemical or electrochemical reaction in the environmental space. This kind of destruction has been typically produced from oxides or salt content on the material and it results in distinctive orange coloration. The classifications of corrosion act on atmospheric air and liquids as well as on contact of two solids. To resist the corrosion rate, stainless steel 316 has been chosen because of the presence of 2-3% molybdenum content and the presence of molybdenum plays a vital role in corrosion resistance. In this study, literature related to various works has been reviewed to explain the corrosion behaviour on cavitation, crevice, electrochemical, erosion, fatigue, galvanic, uniform, pitting, and stress corrosion which act on 316 stainless steel. In the present work, several coating processes and the additives, that have been added to SS 316 to enhance the outcomes according to various corrosion causes, are discussed.

Electrochemical corrosion behaviour on stainless steel 316 has been studied with various solutions and its corroded samples along with the microstructural studies and prevention. The electrochemical corrosion occurs due to the transformation of electrons at the metal surface to depolarizer. In the existing approaches, the test methods of the electrochemical corrosion are performed to investigate its behaviour on stainless steel 316. The result shows that small and porous pits were observed when using some acidic solutions (eg: HCl, H2SO4, FeCl3). Localized pitting effect on grain boundries of the corroded sample was analyzed by using an optical microscope and SEM. In PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor) environment, the potentiodynamic polarization test was performed to evaluate the electrochemical behaviour on stainless steel 316. Some results showed that the corrosion rate of stainless steel 316 can be avoided with the help of powder coating methods. Various powder composition such as acrylic, polyester, epoxy, nylon, and urethane can be used to prevent electrochemical corrosion. In this survey, the electrochemical corrosion behaviour on stainless steel 316 was studied and thus, a conclusion is drawn to prevent this electrochemical corrosion by using various powder coating methods.

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