A small collection of 26 structurally novel thiazolidinone-containing compounds, without the well-known sulphonamide zinc-binding group, were synthesised and tested in enzyme inhibition assays against the tumour-associated hCA IX enzyme. Inhibition constants in the lower micromolar region (KI < 25 μM) have been measured for 17 of the 26 compounds. Even though the KI values are relatively weak, the fact that they do not contain a sulphonamide moiety suggests that these compounds do not interact with the active site zinc ion. Therefore, docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to suggest binding poses for these structurally novel inhibitors.

Paravertebral blocks (PVBs) have been previously reported for various surgical procedures in pediatric patients. [1][2][3][4][5] Recently, ultrasound-guided PVBs and catheter replacement techniques have also been used effectively for pain relief after thoracic, cardiac and abdominal surgeries as an alternative to epidural analgesia in pediatric patients. [6][7][8][9] We report a 10-year-old male patient (30 kg, 140 cm, ASA I) who underwent left latissimus dorsi muscle transfer (free flap) surgery under general anesthesia (GA) because of biceps brachii muscle motor weakness and atrophy occurring after oral (OPV) and inactive polio (IPV) vaccination (Figure 1). A decision was made to perform thoracic PVBs (TPVBs) bilaterally after surgery for postoperative pain management. With the patient in the right lateral decubitus position, a 10 MHz high-frequency linear transducer (GE LOGIQ book XP, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI) was placed approximately 2-2.5 cm lateral to the tips of the spinous processes. Sonography demonstrated the consecutive transverse processes and pleura in between. The two level TPVBs was performed using the out-of-plane technique, aiming to block the dermatomes between T2 and T8 on the left side. After negative aspiration, a total of 20 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine was divided equally and deposited in paravertebral spaces of T3-T4 and T6-T7 while observing the pleura being moved downwards (Figure 2). Then, with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, the same technique was used to perform a level T1 TPVBs to provide analgesia for levels C6-T2. Ten ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was injected and a 20-gauge catheter was placed to provide vasodilation of the free flap vascular anastomosis in addition to effective pain control. The catheter was then connected to an

Background The aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of malignancy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) followed up in a tertiary reference center. Methods IBD patients who were with at least 6 months of follow-up between the 1991-2022 from the gastroenterology clinic were evaluated retrospectively. Descriptive statistics for continuous variables in the study; expressed as mean (mean), standard deviation (SD), minimum, maximum, number (n) and percent (%). “Independent T-test” was used to compare continuous measurement values according to categorical groups. Chi-square test was used to determine the relationships between categorical variables. Results There were 696 patients in the study totally. 319 (45.83%) of these patients were female. Mean age of the patients were 48.27±14.58 years. IBD type was changed as; 307 (44.1%) had ulcerative colitis, 377 (54.1%) had Crohn's disease, 12 (1.8%) had indeterminate colitis. Before the diagnosis of IBD, 8 patients (1.1%) had a history of malignancy. The prevalence of malignancy after the diagnosis of IBD was 13 (1.86%). The characteristic of these 13 patients are described in Table 1. When the relationship between malignancy and gender, age, body mass index (BMI), disease age, and disease type in patients who developed malignancy in inflammatory bowel disease was examined, a statistically significant relationship was found in the elderly and those with high BMI (p=0.0019, p=0.004, respectively). When we look at the relationship between the risk of developing malignancy in IBD and the age of the disease at 10 and 8 years period, it was seen that there was no statistically significant relationship (p=0.245, p=0.343). When the patients who developed malignancy in IBD were compared in terms of the immunomodulators and biological agents used by the patients who did not develop malignancy, there was no statistical difference between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). (Fig.1 Graphical abstract). Fig.1 Graphical abstract Conclusion Higher BMI and being older age found to be risk for the development of malignancy in IBD patients, although no relationship was found with the use of immunomodulator, biological agents, or disease type. The risk of malignancy, especially colorectal cancers, is increased in IBD. Therefore, close follow-up of these patients is important.

Background In this study, we evaluated hepatobiliary involvement in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with FibroScan® (transient elastography) and examined drug effects on liver fibrosis and steatosis. We particularly focused on the effect of azathioprine (AZT) on spleen stiffness (SS). Methods A total of 352 subjects were included in this study, including 298 IBD patients and 54 healthy controls. LSM (liver stiffness measurement), SS, and CAP™ (controlled attenuation parameter) scores were measured by FibroScan®. In addition to disease and patient characteristics; laboratory tests, and effect of the drugs were evaluated and compared within the groups. Results The patient and control groups were similar in terms of age and gender. The characteristics of the groups are shown in Table 1. Mean LSM (5.2±3.1kPa vs 4.5±1,1kPa), mean SS (22.69±13,10kPa vs 17.96±7,44kPa), CAP™ score (hepatosteatosis) (233±56dB/m vs 224±47dB/m) were significantly higher in the patients with IBD than in the control group (p&lt;0.05). Liver fibrosis and steatosis grades are shown in Figure 1. A positive correlation was found between CAP™ score and male gender, hypertension, diabetes, BMI, smoking, penetrating disease, GGT, triglyceride, LSM, and SS (p&lt;0.05). LSM (5.7±3,1kPa vs 5.0±3,1kPa) was significantly higher in patients with extraintestinal involvement (p&lt;0.05). In patients with significant liver fibrosis (F2-3-4), the frequency of anti-TNF treatment was lower (44,4% vs 69,5%; p=0,008) (Figure 2). In patients who use alcohol regularly compared to nondrinkers (25.54±14,83kPa vs 21.05±11,24kPa) SS was significantly higher (p&lt;0.05). Additionally, in patients using AZT≥100 mg/day compared to those using AZT&lt;100 mg/day (23.48±14,61kPa vs 19.99±11,84kPa; p&lt;0,05) SS was significantly higher (Figure 3). AZT dose was positively correlated with SS (Spearman analysis; r=0.182 and p=0.013); however, no correlation was found with the duration or cumulative dose of AZT. The mean level of platelets was significantly higher in patients with IBD than in controls (300±104x10³/µL vs 251±52x10³/µL, p=0,001); however, there was no correlation between SS and trombosit level (p&gt;0,05). 83% of patients were in clinical remission (Mayo score≤2/CDAI&lt;150). No positive correlation was found between disease activity and SS in IBD patients. AZT-associated non-cirrhotic portal hypertension was detected in only one patient. Conclusion In this study, fatty liver, liver fibrosis, and SS were found to be significantly higher in IBD patients than in healthy controls. Although there is no relationship with the duration of AZT therapy, AZT dose was positively correlated with SS. We recommend that spleen stiffness should be evaluated in patients who use high doses of AZT (≥100 mg/day).

Amaç: Bu çalışmada baş boyun kanserli hastalarda pozitron emisyon tomografisi-bilgisayarlı tomografinin (PET/BT) lenf nodu metastazı tespitindeki performansı değerlendirildi ve PET/BT'nin performansı standart bir tanı aracı olan manyetik rezonans görün-tüleme (MRG) ile karşılaştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler:Haziran 2010 -Temmuz 2011 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde baş boyun kanseri tanısı konmuş 26 hasta (1 kadın, 25 erkek; ort. yaş 63.2 yıl; dağılım 39-82 yıl) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların primer tümörü histopatolojik olarak doğ-rulandıktan sonra MRG ve takiben PET/BT istenerek tümörün ve boynun ameliyat öncesi klinik evrelemesi yapıldı. Hastaların tümüne boyun diseksiyonu uygulandı. Özgüllük, duyarlılık, pozitif öngördürücü ve negatif öngördürücü değerleri nihai patolojik tanıya ve boyun lenf nodlarında metastaz mevcudiyetine göre hesaplandı. Bulgular:Tüm boyun diseksiyonlarında (38 adet) özgüllük, duyarlılık, pozitif öngördürücü değer ve negatif öngördürücü değer PET/BT için sırasıyla %52, %93, %56 ve %92; MRG için sırasıyla %70, %92, %65 ve %94 idi. N 0 boyunlu hastalarda ise özgüllük, duyarlılık, pozitif öngördürücü değer ve negatif öngördürücü değerler PET/BT için sırasıyla %54, %66, %16 ve %92 idi. Aynı değerler MRG için sırasıyla %72, %33, %14 ve %88 idi. Nodal metastaz tespitinde PET/BT ve MRG arasın-da tanı performansı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme özellikle N 0 boyunlarda gerçek pozitifliği bulmakta PET/BT kadar başarılı olamadı.Sonuç: Biz PET/BT'nin özellikle T 3 ve T 4 gibi ileri evre ve nodal metastazı olan hastalarda kullanılmasının daha yararlı olacağı kanısındayız.Anahtar Sözcükler: Servikal lenf nodu; baş boyun kanseri; nodal metastaz; pozitron emisyon tomografisi-bilgisayarlı tomografi.Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/ CT) in detecting lymph node metastasis in patients with head and neck cancers and to compare its performance with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a standard diagnostic tool. Patients and Methods:Between 2010 June and 2011 July, 26 patients (1 female, 25 males; mean age 63.2 years; range 39 to 82 years) with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer in our clinic were included in this study. After the primary tumor was confirmed with histopathological techniques, MRI followed by PET/CT were performed and preoperative clinical staging of the tumor and neck was done. All patients underwent neck dissection. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values were calculated based on the final pathological diagnosis and the presence of metastasis in the lymph nodes of the neck.Results: For all the neck dissections (38 pieces), the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values of PET/CT were 52%, 93%, 56%, and 92% respectively and 70%, 92%, 65%, and 94% for MRI, respectively. For patients with N 0 neck, the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive values and...