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Theoretical and experimental evidence of light driven structuring of glasses is presented. We show that light overcomes Coulomb repulsion and effective electron-electron interaction in glasses under strong light pumping becomes attractive. As the result homogenious distribution of trapped electrons gets unstable and macroscopic electron bunches are grown. At different conditions ordered structures with period 2µm ± 0.2µm determined by internal properties of the material are formed These structures were observed in ablation: surface profile after laser treatment reveals ordered pattern corresponding to the light induced electron domains.

Excimer and femtosecond lasers are widely used in ophthalmology to correct refraction. Laser systems for vision correction are based on versatile technical solutions and include multiple hard-and software components. Laser characteristics, properties of laser beam delivery system, algorithms for cornea treatment, and methods of pre-surgical diagnostics determine the surgical outcome. Here we describe the scientific and technological basis for laser systems for refractive surgery developed at the Physics Instrumentation Center (PIC) at the Prokhorov General Physics Institute (GPI), Russian Academy of Sciences.