No abstract

Development ofl-arginine crosslinked three-dimensional collagen/chitosan hybrid scaffold for tissue engineering/regeneration.

The present study reports the development of a novel film-forming bovine collagenous cream (BCC) based on bovine collagen (BC). In this study, collagen was isolated from bovine forestomach tissue, a novel source, and a cream formulation was prepared using some other bioactive ingredients. The electrophoretic pattern of the BC was found to be similar to type I collagen. The purity of BC was examined by amino acid analysis, which confirmed the presence of atelocollagen. The physicochemical properties of BCC such as rheology, spreadability, and temperature stability were characterized. The antimicrobial activity was examined against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, and BCC displayed excellent inhibitory effect. In vitro biocompatibility studies using NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells showed enhanced cell viability. FACS analysis revealed the non-toxic nature of BCC toward cells. The cell morphology and proliferation on the BCC matrix was studied using SEM and fluorescence microscopy. The in vivo wound healing efficacy of the BCC as a topical wound dressing was demonstrated on full thickness excision wounds in rat models. The healing profile showed that the BCC significantly enhanced re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and contraction in the wound healing process. The findings of this study provide a new opportunity for the utilization of the untapped byproducts of the meat industry for valorization. We expect that this kind of topical healing cream could be a potential candidate in wound management and future clinical needs.

Bovine rumen is hitherto considered as an inedible waste of meat industry. The rumen tissues can be used as an alternative source of collagen to produce biocompatible materials for clinical application. In an effort to develop a functional biomaterial from the inedible mammalian tissues, this study aims to isolate and characterize bovine rumen submucosa. Initially, the rumen tissue was sequentially processed using chemical and enzymatic treatment to decellularize, neutralize, stabilize, and to produce a native collagen matrix which is referred as collagen film (COL-F). Thus, prepared matrix was treated with 1% (w/v) chitosan solution to produce a hybrid film which is referred as collagen-chitosan film (COL/CS-F). The comparative study includes the evaluation of physical, chemical, and biological properties of the biofilms prepared. The surface topology of COL-F exhibited a continuous collagenous network with fibrous nature, while the chitosan treatment provided smooth plain surface to the parent film. Incorporation of chitosan in COL-F increased the tensile properties, as well as the thermal stability and durability of the films. The Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy results revealed the presence of respective amide peaks, which corresponds to protein (collagen), and the evidence of collagen-chitosan interlinking. The submucosa layer was electrophoretically found to have type I collagen. The X-ray diffraction data showed the presence of amorphous and crystalline peak which attributes to the triple helical structure of collagen in the films. Cytotoxicity studies on the films were performed in vitro using human keratinocytes. The results of cell viability and proliferation demonstrated that COL-F and COL/CS-F exhibit good biocompatibility and therefore can augment cell infiltration and proliferation. However, enhanced cellular activity was observed on the chitosan treated COL-F. These observations demonstrate that the biofilms prepared in this study can be used as an alternative functional biomaterial in tissue engineering.

Developing an ideal wound dressing material for skin defects is of significant importance in a clinical emergency and is currently a global burden.