tile near-critical fluids and lean gas condensates undergoing a wide range of production processes from simple depletion to complex tertiary recovery. Selection of appropriate sampling methods and tools, design of tool strings, and customizing procedures are demonstrated through these examples. Routine and special laboratory-fluid-analysis strategies for various fluid types and for different production strategies are highlighted. Fluid-modeling techniques including optimum-component selection, accurate C 7+ characterization, robust Gibb' s energy minimization, and gravity/chemical equilibrium calculations are demonstrated through appropriate field examples.

This study examines the performance of peak-clipped optical BPSK-SSB signal. The effectiveness of peak clipping for PAPR reduction and the degradation caused by peak clipping are numerically analyzed. PAPR of optical BPSK-SSB signal becomes high because of the peaky Hilbert-transformed signal component. PAPR improvement of 43.7% is attained by clipping the peaks of the Hilbert-transformed signal. Assessment of spectral degradation reveals that both waveform clipping and modulator nonlinearity contribute to sideband suppression degradation. Analyses of the 100-km transmitted signal results show that PAPR reduction by peak clipping alleviates the nonlinear phase shift caused by self-phase modulation (SPM), which produces a less degraded signal at the detector. Peak clipping can improve the SPM threshold of the studied system by 2.63 dB.

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