Study on the electrical energy generated from a single fuel cell using a synthesized solid electrolyte membrane from polyisoprene that was impregnated with carbonanotubes was carried out. The initial functionalization of the polymer yielded an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 4.04, 7.82, 11.1 and 15.53 mmol/g with their corresponding degrees of sulphonation (DS) of 10.93, 21.1, 30.03 and 42.02 %, respectively. The later but highest DS achieved water uptake of 49.23 wt % and proton conductivities of 4.3 x 10-3, 1.2 x 10-3 and 2.6 x 10-2 S/cm for membrane of thickness 250, 215 and 120 mm, respectively. The performance testing of the membrane in a single fuel cell achieved an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 647.23 mV with the synthesised membrane of 35 wt % catalyst loading, 589.79 mV and 410.48 mV of 25 wt % and 15 wt % catalyst loading, respectively at constant DS (42.02 %). Their corresponding power densities achieved were 68.67, 49.20 and 35.83 Mw/cm2, respectively. Thus the functionalization of polyisoprene impregnated with carbon nanotubes through the process of sulphonation with chlorosulphonic acid resulted into the development of solid polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell application.

Adsorption using activated carbon (AC) has been proven to be effective in the treatment of wastewater. In this study, Carica papaya seeds were utilized for activated carbon (AC) preparation using zinc chloride as the activating agent. Experiment was carried out to explore the methylene blue uptake by both the Carica papaya seeds activated carbon (CPSAC) and commercial activated carbon (CAC). The physicochemical characteristics, Iodine number and adsorption isotherms of CPSAC were also compared with those of CAC. The adsorption equilibrium was represented with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm was found to be the best fit for both CPSAC and CAC with the coefficient correlation (R2) values of 0.9922 and 0.9964, respectively. Going by the good fitting of the Langmuir isotherm, MB adsorption on both CPSAC and CAC can be ascribed to be of monolayer adsorption process, and is associated with the chemical functional groups inherent on carbon surface. The optimum adsorption capacities of CPSAC and CAC according to the Langmuir isotherm at approximately 25◦C were 238.78mg/g and 241.14mg/g, respectively. This implies that CPSAC demonstrated similar outstanding adsorption properties to CAC for MB.

Produce water from Ebedei flow station (Delta State) at three points was analysed. Discharged point (A), midstream (B) and downstream (C) were a mile apart. The metal concentration of iron, zinc, cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead and manganese were carried out using standard methods. Lead levels at discharged point and down stream were higher than World Health Organization (WHO) standard limits. The polynuclear Aromatic hydrocarbon were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The total PAHs of sample (A) was 3.63ppm, (B) 52.05 and (C) 59.50 ppm respectively. The pH were within WHO limits of 8.10 and 8.20, conductivity in μs/cm was 20.10 and28.10 within acceptable range. Chloride was between 8, 130.00ppm and 22, 131.53 ppm higher than WHO and effluent discharge limits, while turbidity was between 46ppm-60ppm which was also higher. Hence there is need for holistic monitoring and remediation of produce water in the environment.

Two commonly applied corrosion resistance coatings (Polyvinyl and Epoxy Polyamide resins) in Rivers and Bayelsa areas of Nigeria, have been compared on performance properties. The coatings were applied on low Carbon Steel samples that were cut to specific sizes. These prepared samples were subjected to varying conditions of pH, temperatures and exposure to definite time periods. The corrosion rates in ML per year (MPY) were then analyzed. The results of the corresponding corrosion rate in MPY obtained at PH 2,3,4,5, and 6, for epoxy polyamid resin, were 0.566, 0.553, 0.379, 0.354 and 0.322 respectively, and that for polyvinyl resin were 0.334, 0.326, 0.314, 0.288 and 0.277 respectively. The effect of temperature at 30° C, 4 ° C, 50° C, 60° C and 70°C were compared and corresponding corrosion rate in MP obtained for epoxy polyamide were 0.158, 0.288, 0.477, .655 and 0.810 respectively, while that for polyvinyl resin gave values of 0.122, 0.21 ,0.411, 0.552 and 0.651 respectively. The time exposure in hours of 692, 1008, 1344, 1680 and 2016 for the test steel samples applied with epoxy polyamide resin coating gave a corresponding corrosion values in MPY of 0.012, 0.016, 0.030, 0.043 and 0.055 respectively, and that for polyvinyl resin coating were 0.002, 0.009, 0.020, 0.034 and 0.044 respectively. The results obtained showed that polyvinyl resin coating have better performance properties over epoxy polyamide resin. Therefore polyvinyl resin coating can be recommended as a good corrosion resistance coating on low carbon steel pipes used in crude oil exploration in Petroleum industries