This study provides a scientific information about the aqueous and methanol extracts of Rubia tinctorum based on its antimicrobial potential against gram positive and gram negative bacteria isolated from burns infection using the broth dilution and well diffusion method. Results of this study indicate the presence of many phytochemicals which have antimicrobial activity against broad spectrum of bacteria. The methanol extract of R.tinctorum showed highest activity than aqueous ones. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous extract on the tested organisms was 25-100mg/ml while in the methanol extract ranged between 25-50mg/ml on the tested organisms and the minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) of the aqueous extract was 25-200 mg/ml while the methanol extract ranged between 25-100 mg/ml. The highest activity of methanol extract demonstrated at 100 C o , 121 C o agai nst S.aureus, K.spp, A.hydrophila, and S.marcescens, while there was low activity against S.dysenteria and E.coli. The activity of plant extract increased at acidic pH5-3 whearus, there are slightly increased of plant extract at alkaline pH 8. R.tinctorum contained. essential element (Pb, Na, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, P, Mn, Co and Cu) at different concertation. The high preformance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) analysis of R. tinctorum showed some chemical compounds that have antimicrobial activity against test isolates. The result of this study demonstrate that HPLC analysis of R.tinctorum constituent revealed that htis plant have antimicrobial activity against test organism and this may be suggest the use at this extract in treatment of infections disease.

The clavicepamines are lysine‐rich basic proteins isolated from saprophytic culture of ergot (Claviceps purpurea), having human pharmacological importance. Based on structure determinations, it was demonstrated that the ϵ‐lysine (poly)peptides are the fundamental structural units of clavicepamines. To study the relationship between chemical structure and biological effect, solution and solid‐phase synthesis of lysine isopeptides were performed. Poly‐ϵ‐lysines were synthesized with polycondensation via application of p‐nitrophenylester temporarily protecting groups together with simultaneous activation. The biological investigations of poly‐ϵ‐lysines showed a cell‐proliferation retarding effect, so they inhibit growth of some animal tumors, practically without toxic side effects. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 42: 305–318, 1997

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The clavicepamines are lysine-rich basic proteins isolated from saprophytic culture of ergot (Claviceps purpurea), having human pharmacological importance. Based on structure determinations, it was demonstrated that the epsilon-lysine (poly)peptides are the fundamental structural units of clavicepamines. To study the relationship between chemical structure and biological effect, solution and solid-phase synthesis of lysine isopeptides were performed. Poly-epsilon-lysines were synthesized with polycondensation via application of p-nitrophenylester temporarily protecting groups together with simultaneous activation. The biological investigations of poly-epsilon-lysines showed a cell-proliferation retarding effect, so they inhibit growth of some animal tumors, practically without toxic side effects.

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