Studies on plant growth are interesting because they provide explanations for the factors that influence yield in various crops. The objective of this work was to evaluate growth and yield in corn cultivar AG1051, when in competition with weeds. Cultivar AG 1051 was submitted to two groups of treatments: weed control, and sampling periods for dry biomass evaluation. The weed control treatments consisted of hoeing (two hoeings performed at 20 and 40 days after sowing) and no hoeing. Sampling periods consisted of collecting the above-ground part and roots of corn every fifteen days, until 105 days after sowing (DAS); the first sampling was performed 30 DAS. A completely randomized block design with ten replicates was used. For the characteristics evaluated in a single season, statistical analyses were carried out as a random block experiment. For the characteristics evaluated in several periods, statistical analyses were carried out as random blocks with split-plots (weed control assigned to plots). Fourteen weed species, unevenly distributed throughout the experimental area, were the most important. The growth observed for the above-ground part and root system of corn was 30% smaller in the non-hoed plots, compared to the hoed plots. Lack of weed control increased dry matter of the above-ground part of the weeds and reduced the number of unhusked and husked marketable green ears by 23% and 49%, respectively. Grain yield reduction caused by lack of weed control reached 38%.
RESUMO:A espécie Lippia gracilis SCHAUER (Verbenaceae) é nativa do Nordeste brasileiro e se destaca pela capacidade de acumular nos tricomas glandulares óleos essenciais com atividade antimicrobiana. Tendo em vista que não constam trabalhos na literatura sobre o estabelecimento in vitro dessa espécie, este trabalho teve como objetivo estabelecer protocolo para micropropagação de L. gracilis. Para tanto, ramos contendo folhas foram coletados de plantas matrizes no habitat natural para a confecção de estacas. Em laboratório, os explantes provenientes do processo de estaquia foram assepticamente tratados e inoculados em meio MS, acrescido de fitorreguladores, com o intuito de se estabelecer a melhor dose para o desenvolvimento dos explantes. Em decorrência de altos níveis de contaminação, avaliou-se o efeito da cefalexina. No entanto, apesar do antibiótico ter apresentado diminuição na contaminação bacteriana, a porcentagem de oxidação foi elevada. Portanto, testou-se o carvão ativado, ácido ascórbico, ácido cítrico e metade dos sais de MS quanto a eficiência no controle da oxidação. Concluiu-se que, o antibiótico na concentração utilizada provocou a oxidação dos explantes e os fitorreguladores, bem como os métodos antioxidantes testados, não apresentaram resultados consistentes para o melhor desenvolvimento dos explantes e controle da oxidação, respectivamente. Palavras-chave: Lippia gracilis, óleos essenciais, micropropagaçãoABSTRACT: Establishment of protocol for Lippia gracilis Schauer micropropagation. The species Lippia gracilis Schauer (Verbenaceae) is native to Northeastern Brazil and has been important for its ability to accumulate essential oils with antimicrobial activity in the glandular trichomes. Since there are no reports in the literature on the micropropagation of this species, the present work aimed to establish a protocol for L. gracilis micropropagation. Thus, branches containing leaves were collected from plant matrices in their natural habitat to prepare cuttings. In the laboratory, explants from cutting were aseptically treated and inoculated onto MS medium plus plant growth regulators in order to establish the best dose for the development of explants. Due to high levels of contamination, the effect of cephalexin was evaluated. Although the antibiotic decreased the bacterial contamination, the percentage of oxidation was high. Then, activated charcoal, ascorbic acid, citric acid and half the salts of MS were tested for their effectiveness to control oxidation. In conclusion, the used antibiotic concentration resulted in oxidation of explants. Furthermore, plant growth regulators and antioxidant methods did not show consistent results for a better development of explants and control of oxidation, respectively. Key words: Lippia gracilis, essential oils, micropropagationRecebido para publicação em 03/07/2009 Aceito para publicação em 22/03/2010 INTRODUÇÃOAs plantas nordestinas sempre tiveram grande importância para a população regional, pois de muitas espécies são retirados vários produtos que...
-Although labor is intensive, evaluating the growth of crops may allow a better understanding of crop performance, including the reasons why certain cultivars can compete better with weeds. This study aims at evaluating growth, green ear yield, and grain yield in corn when in competition with weeds. Cultivars AG 1051 and BRS 106 were grown with (two hoeings, at 20 and 40 days after sowing) or without weed control. In order to evaluate crop growth, six collections of the above-ground part and the root system of corn were performed, every 15 days, with the first collection made 30 days after sowing. A randomized complete block design was adopted, with split-split plots (weed control in plots, cultivars in subplots, and collections in sub-subplots) and ten replicates. Eighteen weed species were found in the experiment area. Increased values of corn leaf area, above-ground part and root system, due to plant age function, were smaller in non-hoed plots than in hoed plots and were dependent upon cultivar. The lack of weed control increased dry matter of weeds aboveground part and decreased green ear yield and grain yield. Cultivar AG 1051 had higher increases in leaf area, above-ground part of the plant and root system, due to plant age function, and controlled weeds better than cultivar BRS 106. In addition, cultivar AG 1051 was superior to other cultivars with respect to most traits used for green corn yield and grain yield assessment.Keywords: Zea mays, green corn, grain yield, dry matter.RESUMO -A avaliação do crescimento das culturas, embora trabalhosa, pode possibilitar o melhor entendimento do desempenho das culturas, inclusive das razões pelas quais determinadas cultivares são capazes de competir melhor com as plantas daninhas. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e os rendimentos de espigas verdes e de grãos do milho, em competição com plantas daninhas. As cultivares AG 1051 e BRS 106 foram cultivadas com duas capinas (aos 20 e 40 dias após a semeadura) e sem controle de plantas daninhas. Para avaliação do crescimento da cultura, foram realizadas seis coletas da parte aérea e do sistema radicular do milho, de 15 em 15 dias, a primeira sendo efetuada 30 dias após a semeadura. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com parcelas sub-subdivididas (controle de plantas daninhas nas parcelas, cultivares nas subparcelas e coletas nas sub-subparcelas) e dez repetições. Dezoito espécies de plantas daninhas ocorreram na área experimental. Os aumentos da área foliar, da parte aérea e do sistema radicular do milho, em função da idade, foram menores em parcelas não capinadas do que nas parcelas capinadas e dependeram das cultivares. A falta de controle das plantas daninhas aumentou a matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas daninhas e reduziu os rendimentos de espigas verdes e de grãos. A cultivar AG 1051 apresentou maiores aumentos da área foliar, da parte aérea da planta e do sistema radicular, em função da idade da planta, e controlou melhor as plantas daninhas, que a cultiva...
RESUMO -O fungo M. roridum é o causador da doença cancro-de-mirotécio em meloeiro e vem provocando grandes perdas na produção dessa olerícola. É uma doença de difícil controle, em razão de seu agente ser habitante do solo. Devido à procura de formas alternativas de controle, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade dos extratos etanólicos de partes de S. alata sobre M. roridum. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, distribuído em esquema fatorial 4 x 6 + 1, sendo o primeiro fator partes da planta (caule, inflorescência, raiz e vagem) e o segundo, seis concentrações (0,25; 0,50; 50; 75; 250; e 500 µg mL -1 ) mais a testemunha, com quatro repetições por tratamento. As variáveis avaliadas foram: taxa de crescimento micelial (TCM), inibição do crescimento micelial (ICM) e área abaixo da curva do crescimento micelial (AACCM). Todos os extratos de partes vegetais de S. alata foram eficientes em inibir o crescimento micelial de M. roridum. O extrato etanólico da vagem foi o que melhor inibiu o crescimento de M. roridum, na concentração de 500 µg mL -1 , seguido do extrato da raiz e do caule.Palavras-chave: fungicida vegetal, Cucumis melo, metabólito secundário.ABSTRACT -The fungus M. roridum is the causal agent of the myrothecium Leaf Spot disease in melon, being responsible for great losses in the production of this olericulture. This disease is difficult to control, since its agent inhabits the soil. Seeking for alternative forms of control, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of the activity of ethanolic extracts of parts of S. alata on M. roridum. The experimental design was completely randomized and distributed in a factorial scheme 4 x 6 + 1, with the first factor being parts of the plant (stalk, flower, root and green bean), and the second factor, six concentrations (0.25; 0.50, 50, 75, 250 and 500 µg mL -1 ), plus a control, with four repetitions per treatment. The available variables were: mycelial growth rate (MGR), mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) and area below mycelial growth curve (ABMGC). All the extracts of the S. alata parts were found to be efficient in inhibiting mycelial growth of M. roridum. The green bean ethanolic extract was the best inhibitor of the growth of M. roridum growth at the concentration of 500 µg mL -1 , followed by the root and stalk extracts.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.