The room temperature growth and ordering of copper(II) 2,9,16,23-tetratert-butyl-phthalocyanine (CuTtertBuPc) molecules on the Ag/Si (111)3)R30 • surface have been investigated using scanning tunnelling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS). Results indicate a well-ordered molecular layer in which the phthalocyanine molecules have a flat orientation with the molecular plane lying parallel to the substrate and forming a dimer structure on the surface. STS data obtained from one monolayer (ML) of the CuTtert-BuPc on the Ag/Si(111)-( √ 3 × √ 3)R30 • surface show excellent agreement with valence-band x-ray photoemission and x-ray absorption spectra taken from thin films of CuTtertBuPc (10-20 ML) prepared in situ on the clean Si(111) substrate. Combining the spectroscopy results it was found that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the CuTtertBuPc is the half-occupied MO of b 1g symmetry with mixed Cu 3d(x 2 -y 2 ) and ligand 2p character which was confirmed by density functional theory calculations and x-ray emission spectroscopy data.

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Ni and Cu thin films of about 100 and 50 nm were deposited on MgO(001), (110), (111), and diamond(001) substrates by using a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. Their growth mechanisms were investigated by in-situ RHEED. We found that Ni films can be grown easily on a diamond(001) substrate where the lattice mismatch between Ni and diamond is very small (1.42%). We found that, despite a large lattice mismatch of 19.5% (16.5%) between Ni (Cu) and MgO, Ni and Cu films can be grown epitaxially on MgO(001), (110), and (111) substrates. Moreover we measured magneto-optical (MO) Kerr ellipticity spectra on the epitaxial Ni films on MgO and diamond substrates. As a result, no difference of MO Kerr spectra were observed on Ni(001), (110), and (111). The epitaxial Ni films with Cu buffer layers show relatively small coercive force (Hc) compared with that of epitaxial Ni films without Cu buffer layers.

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