Bixa orellana, Jatropha curcas and Cassia alata are three of the prominent plants used for traditional medicine in Nigeria. Dermatophytosis also known as tinea or ringworm is the most frequent superficial fungal infections in Nigeria.
Objective: In this Present Study, We Aimed at Comparing The Phytochemical Components and the Antifungal Efficacy of these Medicinal against Selected Dermatophytes.
Study Design: Cross Sectional Study among a Particular Population.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State. Between March 2019 and September 2019.
Methods: The phytochemical contents of the plants were determined and the in-vitro antifungal activities of Bixa orellana, Jatropha curcas and Cassia alata were screened against seven species of Trichophyton (T. ajelloi, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, M.gypseum T. soudenensis, T. tonsurans and T. verrucosum) using agar dilution method.
Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, saponin, phenol, steroids, glycoside, phytosteroids, alkaloids, terpenoid, tannin, and cardiac glycoside in various quantities. The findings from our study showed that the ethanol extracts of these medicinal plants have more antifungal activities than other solvents. However, the hexane and ethanol extracts of Jatropha curcas was observed to be significantly higher than other extracts. The zone of inhibition recorded ranges from 22 mm-32 mm and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 mg/ml was recorded.
Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas showed broad effectiveness against the tested pathogens when compared to other plants and we conclude that the plants antifungal property is concentration dependent. However, we recommend further studies on these plants extracts using a large number of different isolates and solvents.
Se investigó la tasa de liberación de iones de sodio y potasio para los extractos acuoso, etanólico, metanólico y en acetona de hojas y tallo de Calotropis procera procera L en microorganismos patógenos seleccionados de los géneros de Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Malazzesia furfur ATCC 44349 y sus tipos de aislantes, usando la técnica de fotometría de llama. Se encontró que el extracto acuoso era más efectivo para algunos organismos en la salida de sodio e iones del potasio; mientras que otros extractos con solventes como acetona y metanol, también eran eficaces para otro tipo de organismos. Por ejemplo, la cantidad de sodio liberado por los extractos de tallo, mostró que S. typhi y C. albicans presentaron la mayor cantidad de 23 y 24 mg/ml respectivamente. A diferencia de E. coli, que tuvo la mayor cantidad de sodio liberada de 20 mg/ml por extractos de tallo. La comparación de la cantidad de iones de sodio y potasio liberados por los extractos de la planta con dos antibióticos comerciales (tetraciclina y amoxicilina), mostró que la cantidad de sodio liberado por amoxicilina y tetraciclina de Calotropis procera, usando organismos patógenos seleccionados, fue mayor que la cantidad de iones de potasio liberados.
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