Chiral macrocycles featuring sulfonamide and/or amide groups as anion-binding sites were synthesized. X-ray crystal structures and DFT calculations have shown that they adopt different conformations that may lead to unique binding behavior. Indeed, various anions could be sensed by their colorimetric and/or fluorescence signal output. The chiral macrocycles showed chiral recognition for chiral anions. Furthermore, a multisensor array with two or four chiral receptors discriminated seven phosphate anions (AMP, ADP, ATP, CMP, GMP, Pi, and PPi) with 100% classification accuracy.

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To evaluate the antibacterial activities of antibacterial clothes and wall material, we measured the reduction rates of MRSA and P. aeruginosa using four products of antibacterial clothes and one wall material. Antibacterial activities are judged by the reduction rates of bacteria after 18 hours incubation at 35.0 degrees C. In the 50 strains of MRSA tested, two of four brands of clothes showed over 99% reduction rates, while only one brand showed a reduction rates over 99% in the 13 strains of P. aeruginosa. The wall material tested showed a reduction rates over 99% for the 50 strains of MRSA and over 90% for the 50 strains of P. aeruginosa. These data indicate that usage of some products of antibacterial clothes and wall material in the hospital may be useful the prevention of nosocomial infection.

Although clean sand has been generally used for the construction of tidal flats, it becomes difficult to obtain the sea sand and land sand in recent years. Also, the sea sand and the land sand are not suited to the marine spicies of tidal flats, because there are little content of organic matter and silt and clay. We are proposing the tidal flat construction method by using dredging organic sediment. There are the following subjects in the design of this construction method: (1) The design method that requests the optimal mixture rate of dredging sediment and sand is established.(2) The method that secures the optimal mixture rate of dredging sludge and produces effectively is established. We have constructed the tidal flats by two types of the methods which consist of seaside approach and landside approach. We established the design and construction method of mixing the dredging organic sediment and demonstrated in the construction works.

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