No abstract

Energy is one of the most important and scarce resources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). WSN nodes work with the embedded operating system called TinyOS, which addresses the constrains of the WSN nodes such as limited processing power, memory, energy, etc and it uses the collection Tree Protocol (CTP) to collect the data from the sensor nodes. It uses either the four-bit link estimation or Link Estimation Exchange Protocol (LEEP) to predict the bi directional quality of the wireless link between the nodes and the next hop candidate is based on the estimated link quality. The residual energy of the node is an important key factor, which plays a vital role in the lifetime of the network and hence this has to taken as one of the metric in the parent selection. In this work, we consider the remaining energy of the node as one of the metric to decide the parent in addition to the link quality metrics. The proposed protocol was compared with CTP protocol in terms of number of packets forwarded by each node and packet reception ratio (PRR

Wireless Industrial Sensor Network (WISN) is the heart of automation and control in industrial monitoring. Live updates about situations at hostile areas of the industry are reported to a base station frequently to enhance harmless functioning of the network. EARQ was proposed to enhance the routing operations for wireless industrial sensor networks. It provides real-time, reliable delivery of a packet, while considering energy awareness. In EARQ, a node estimates the energy cost, delay and reliability of a path to the sink node, based only on information from neighboring nodes. The expected energy cost measurement does not provide accuracy; hence the relative energy cost is measured to enhance the lifetime of the WISN while also enhancing the routing reliability in the Enhanced EARQ (EEARQ) protocol proposed in this study. Simulations in the network simulator are used to justify the proof of the enhancement.