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Ethoxyquin, dihydroethoxyquin, and their analogues are potent inhibitors of nitrosamine formation in bacon even at levels as low as 20 ppm. As exemplified by ethoxyquin in the case of nitrosopyrrolidine, they function by competing with proline for the available nitrosating species to form initially 1nitrosoethoxyquin which rearranges to the 8-nitroso compound prior to oxidation by air to 8-nitroethoxyquin. The latter compound was isolated from ethoxyquin-treated bacons and also from the nitrosation of ethoxyquin with sodium nitrite or nitrosyl chloride.

A novel transformation of 3α,6α-dihydroxy steroids to their 3β-hydroxy-Δ5 analogues was developed and applied to the preparation of progesterone from hyodesoxycholic acid.

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