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Cylindrical grinding, a secondary machining operation, a finishing operation in the manufacturing industry across the world. The volume of removed material over a given time (MRR) and quality of the surface (Roughness) obtained are the two important characteristics that investigated by researchers with respect to output responses from the process in understanding product quantity and quality. These two output parameters, any machining operation, are primarily important in consumer perspective vis-à-vis manufacturer. In this investigation, experiments are conducted and analyzed to arrive at the optimal grinding conditions/parameters in cylindrical grinding. The outcome of the machining will have a good surface quality by removing maximum material; confirming ovality and cylindricity of the specimen made from EN31 and Mild Steel. Taguchi DOE recommendations are considered in investigating the influence of input process parameters i.e. speed, feed, and depth of cut on machining outcome. Regression module in Minitab is used to apply a linear fit which is a general/simple recommendation for the parameters in order to understand the influence of these parameters on the expected outcome i.e., the maximum volume of material removed and to achieve a better surface finish with a minimum value of deviations in ovality (circularity) and cylindricity of the machined component by conducting experiments on a general-purpose cylindrical grinding machine.

Due to their availability and unique features, mild steel and ASS 304 L were used for various applications such as shipbuilding, boiler, aircraft, and automotive industries. This alloy is welded by using method of fusion welding. In addition, the strength of welded joints has touched 60 percent of the strength of base materials. However, it is difficult to maintain quality weld when dissimilar steel is joined. Therefore, the choice of electrode, filler wire and other process parameters like current, voltage, shielding gas, etc. requires proper attention. Solid state joining process, friction welding (FW) process is an ideal process to get sound joint. Three major FW parameters such as rotational speed, friction force, and forging force have been used in this work to optimize FW parameters to maximize strength using statistical methodology such as variance analysis and experimental design methodology. From the results, the joint is welded at a rotational speed of 1000 rpm, forging pressure of 30 MPa and friction pressure of 30 MPa.

NDE (Non-destructive Evaluation) has evolved as an essential demand in much modern engineering equipment's like Heat Exchangers, Marine Industries and Oil Refineries. The performance levels and reliability of the NDE is more important to the end use of the object being inspected. Failure is the primary threat to the integrity, safety and performance of marine structure. Aluminum Alloy-6082 of dimensions 200X170X12 weldments are chosen for this project in view of its applications in heat exchangers, marine and oil refineries. It was taken for this project in the form of plate and welded by tungsten inert gas welding (TIG). The basic NDT experimental methods such as liquid penetrating test, magnetic particle test, ultrasonic test, and radiography test are chosen for quality assurance of the materials. penetrant testing for to surface defects, ultrasonic testing to detect the subsurface and internal defects, gamma-ray radiography for internal defects. the results from methods were analysed.