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Transgenic rice was developed from 'Swarna', the most popular indica rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L.) in South East Asia, with a potato chymotrypsin inhibitor gene (pin2) through Agrobacteriummediated transformation. Four out of nine primary transgenic plants had a single-copy T-DNA insertion while other five plants had two copies. Mendelian pattern of inheritance of the transgene (pin2) was observed in the T 1 generation progeny plants. Whole plant bioassays conducted at both vegetative and reproductive stages and cut stem assays showed enhanced levels of resistance of transgenic rice against yellow stem borer. The transgenic rice lines with plant derived proteinase inhibitor genes would develop into resistant cultivars to fit into resistance breeding strategies as an important component of integrated pest management in rice.

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