No abstract

No abstract

The paper focuses on the design of an electric driven bicycle that can stimulate power using solar energy and the rear wheel is provided with motor. The vehicle is being designed to house one driver; essentially, there would be need for additional space for other passengers and materials In India, the pollution rate caused by fuel-consuming vehicles is very high. It is necessary to reduce the consumption of fuel/use of fuel consumption vehicle and its hazardous emissions. The sunny weather in India lasts around 9 months, hence solar powered bicycle seems to be appropriate in India. Solar powered bicycle can become an alternative to the fuel consuming bikes and scooters.

Purpose With a growing list of available materials and processes, the inherent mechanical and thermophysical properties of three-dimensional (3D) prints are important design targets. This paper aims to study the functionality of binder jet 3D printed objects for thermally activated building construction elements and recyclable formwork for concrete structures. Design/methodology/approach Binder jet printed sand samples with various material and post-processing parameters (infiltration and baking) are prepared and studied. Using a statistical experiment design, the mechanical (flexural and compressive strength) and thermal (conductivity and specific capacity) characteristics are quantified. Findings Relative to the unprocessed “green” print samples, post-processing improved the flexural and compressive strength of the samples by factors of 6.9 and 21.6, respectively; the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity were improved by factors of 7.7 and 1.2, respectively. For the investigated temperature range (20°C–200°C), the “green” prints showed excellent stability while the stability of post-processed samples depended on the infiltrate used. Microscopic images of the microstructures offered evidence to support improvement in the mechanical and thermo-physical characteristics of the 3D printed sand elements. Research limitations/implications The literature review concluded that optimal printing parameters and infiltration under vacuum could further improve the mechanical and thermo-physical properties of the binder jet printed elements. However, both these factors were not explored in this research. The statistical experimental design approach provided more flexibility to choose the number of experiments for a fixed amount of time and resources. However, for future work, a more extensive number of experiments and reproducibility testing for each combination of binder-infiltrate is recommended. Practical implications 3D printing has been identified as a promising opportunity to reduce material usage and improve construction efficiency in the field of architecture and building engineering. The emerging fabrication technologies are further expected to significantly reduce the operational energy of buildings through performance integration, i.e. multi-functional building elements with integrated heat- and mass-transfer capabilities to replace conventional systems. Originality/value This study has quantified the impact of infiltration on the mechanical and thermo-physical characteristics of sand-printed elements and, as such, reports reproducible functional performance maps for sand-print applications. The research demonstrates a way to achieve the desired functional characteristics of 3D prints through combinations of material selection and process/post-processing parameters.

Landing gear is the critical subsystem of an aircraft. The need is to design the landing gear with minimum weight & volume, high performance, improved life & reduced life cycle cost. Further, it is essential to reduce the landing gear design and developmen time while meeting all the regulatory & safety requirements. This includes the design and analysis of a medium size transport aircraft landing gear unit. A typical landing load case will be assumed for which structural analysis will be carried out. During landing, there will be three different types of loads viz., vertical load, drag load & side load. Each of these loads will cause axial compression, bending and torsion on the strut of the landing gear. the energy from the impact of landing numerical type simulation has become highly invaluable tool for the assessment of the landing gear type dynamics also as well as of aircraft landing structure gear interaction. This paper also describes the normal structure review of a simple landing-gear structure model system, and which is accurately simulates with the energy system absorbed by the gear without the adding substantial structure and complexity with the model. it carries the structure aircraft weight at all require ground operations, including, landing, take off, taxiing, and towing. Many type model includes nonlinear structure effects such as a velocity type squared related high damping, poly tropic gas law, stick-slip friction, a geometry governed with the high model structure for the high discharge type coefficients and methods, effects a nonlinear spring and damping model structure.