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Introduction: Congenital anophthalmia is the clinical absence of the eye at birth. It results from the lack of development or regression of the primary optic vesicle during embryonic life. It is rare and may be isolated or associated with other ocular or general birth defects.

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile and indications of mutilating eyeball surgery in Abidjan. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study on the files of eviscerated, enucleated or exentered patients in the Ophthalmology Department of the University Hospital of Yopougon from January 2010 to December 2016. The parameters studied were: socio-demographic characteristics, indications of mutilating surgery, anesthetic technique, operative technique and patient evolution. Results: During the study period, 59 patients underwent surgery for mutilating eye surgery out of a total of 11,114 procedures, a frequency of 0.53%. The average age of the patients was 31 years with extremes of 3 years and 67 years. Men predominated in 62.1% of cases with a sex ratio of 1.64. Patients came from rural areas in 68.5% of cases. The main indications of the mutilating surgery were: post-inflammatory phthisis (58.6%) and tumoral affections (29.31%). Evisceration was the most common operative technique (67.2%). In 68% of cases the interventions were performed under peribulbar anesthesia. Patients with evisceration (67.2%) and enucleation (5.1%) all benefited from prosthetic equipment. Conclusion: The mutilating surgery of the eyeball is responsible for serious psychological and sociological impacts. The seriousness of these repercussions requires primary prevention through early and adequate management of eye conditions.