Post-traumatic pseudolipoma and lipoma are uncommon complications of facial trauma appearing in the first months following the initial injury. Post-traumatic buccal fat pad herniation is generally confused with post-traumatic lipoma but often occurs in younger patients and appears immediately after the trauma. Here, we report an unusual case of post-traumatic pseudolipoma of the chin and underline the differences between pseudolipoma and buccal fat pad herniation based on an extensive review of the literature. Post-traumatic fatty tumours of the craniofacial region can be separated into (1) post-traumatic pseudolipoma and lipoma and (2) post-traumatic buccal fat pad herniation, with distinct histories and clinical presentations. Posttraumatic lipoma can require surgical excision in cases with aesthetic impairment. Clinical relevancePost-traumatic fatty tumours of the face are uncommon conditions. Based on a typical case report of pseudolipoma and an extensive review of the literature, we provide objective criteria allowing to differentiate the three subtypes of craniofacial posttraumatic fatty tumours: lipoma, pseudolipoma and buccal fat pad herniation.