At the same time, in terms of building-mounted systems, understanding building interactions will be pivotal. Concerns exist regarding resonance frequencies, and an understanding of how the building-turbine vibrations are coupled is needed. BWT system designs must comply with building codes as well as integrate with the building's mechanical and electrical systems. • Non-technical obstacles, such as concerns regarding safety hazards during installation, operations and maintenance, and inspections must be understood. Consumer outreach and education, along with overcoming economic barriers, must also be addressed. This roadmap identifies key barriers to the development and deployment of BWTs and outlines a strategic approach to addressing these barriers.

Concerns for potential wildlife impacts resulting from land-based and offshore wind energy have created challenges for wind project development. Research is not always adequately supported, results are neither always readily accessible nor are they satisfactorily disseminated, and so decisions are often made based on the best available information, which may be missing key findings. The potential for high impacts to avian and bat species and marine mammals have been used by wind project opponents to stop, downsize, or severely delay project development. The global nature of the wind industry-combined with the understanding that many affected species cross-national boundaries, and in many cases migrate between continents-also points to the need to collaborate on an international level. The International Energy Agency (IEA) Wind Technology Collaborative Programs facilitates coordination on key research issues. IEA Wind Task 34-WREN: Working Together to Resolve Environmental Effects of Wind Energy-is a collaborative forum to share lessons gained from field research and modeling, including management methods, wildlife monitoring methods, best practices, study results, and successful approaches to mitigating impacts and addressing the cumulative effects of wind energy on wildlife. WREN develops products such as white papers, fact sheets, and short science summaries, and is involved in a number of activities including hosting a webinar series and outreach and information dissemination through participation in meetings, workshops, and conferences to increase and expand the knowledge base pertaining to wildlife challenges at wind energy facilities. This information is available on WREN Hub, hosted on the Tethys website.

The objectives of this framework are to facilitate the study design and execution to test the effectiveness of bat and eagle impact-reduction strategies at wind energy sites. Through scientific field research, the wind industry and its partners can help determine if certain strategies are ready for operational deployment or require further development. This framework should be considered a living document to be improved upon as fatality-reduction technologies advance from the initial concepts to proven readiness (through project-and technology-specific testing) and as scientific field methods improve.

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The purpose of the workshop described in this report was to seek input from participants regarding technologies that detect and deter eagles from wind energy sites. Attendees were asked to provide input based on their personal experience, advice, information, or facts regarding this topic.The objective of this workshop was not to obtain any group position or consensus. Rather, the U.S. Department of Energy was seeking as many recommendations as possible from all attendees. Participants were asked to refrain from passing judgment on each other's recommendations or advice and instead to concentrate on their own individual experiences.