Abstract-A theoretical analysis of the overall mean squared error (MSE) in hybrid video coding is presented for the case of error prone transmission. Our model covers the complete transmission system including the rate-distortion performance of the video encoder, forward error correction, interleaving, and the effect of error concealment and interframe error propagation at the video decoder. The channel model used is a 2-state Markov model describing burst errors on the symbol level. Reed-Solomon codes are used for forward error correction. Extensive simulation results using an H.263 video codec are provided for verification. Using the model, the optimal tradeoff between INTRA and INTER coding as well as the optimal channel code rate can be determined for given channel parameters by minimizing the expected MSE at the decoder. The main focus of this paper is to show the accuracy of the derived analytical model and its applicability to the analysis and optimization of an entire video transmission system. Index Terms-Error resilience, intra-update, joint sourcechannel coding, robust video transmission, tradeoff sourcechannel coding, video transmission system model.

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A new content-dependent fast discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm is introduced. Since it requires less than half of the samples of an 8 x 8 block as input and produces only the first three DCT coeficients, it is far less complex than conventional full fast DCT algorithms. It is shown that these three coeficients are suficaent for the majority of the blocks for motion-compensated low bit-rate video coding. For other blocks, a conventional full-coeficient DCT is employed. Experiments with both low and high complexity sequences show that the content-dependent algorithm reduces the computational load of the DCT hy a factor > 2x without loss an image quality and a factor 4x, if a slight PSNR loss is acceptable.