A quartz crystal microbalance ͑QCM͒ was used to develop a real-time measurement method of airborne organic contamination on a silicon surface. At the relative humidity of 40-50%, the amount of adsorbed water on the silicon surface was determined to be several tens to 100 ng cm −2 . Under this condition, the adsorption and desorption of diethyl phthalate can be measured at the time corresponding to the operations of the diethyl phthalate vapor supply. Its adsorption rate and desorption rate are consistent with those evaluated in a clean room. Based on the weight evaluation of various contaminations, the significant part of the change in the surface concentration obtained by the QCM method in a clean room can be assigned to airborne organic contamination.

A general and efficient vanadium-catalyzed oxidation of tert-butyl N-hydroxycarbamate to tert-butyl nitrosoformate using alkyl hydroperoxides as terminal oxidants has been developed. The intermediate nitroso compound was trapped by in situ Diels-Alder reaction with simple and functionalized dienes, providing general access to a variety of functionalized 3,6-dihydro-2H-1,2-oxazines.

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The vanadium-catalyzed oxidation of carbamate (II), followed by alkyl hydroperoxides as terminal oxidants, affords an intermediate nitroso compound. The latter is trapped by in situ Diels-Alder reaction with functionalized dienes, providing a general access to a variety of dihydrooxazines. In a single step, this enables the preparation of polyfunctionalized 1,2-oxazines which are versatile intermediates for nitrogen-containing bioactive compounds. -(HOSHINO*, Y.; SUZUKI, K.; HONDA, K.; Synlett 2012, 16, 2375-2380, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1317148 ; Grad. Sch. Environ. Inf. Sci., Yokohama Natl. Univ., Yokohama 240, Japan; Eng.) -H. Hoennerscheid 04-129