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Declaration: This research was previously published as a dissertation submitted to Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth University in partial fulfilment for the award of degree of MD Speciality (Branch VIII) [Vashishta M. Study to illustrate the computed tomography angiographic appearance of normal anatomy and spectrum of common variants of the renal vasculature [dissertation]. ABSTRACT Introduction:Variations in the anatomy of the renal vasculature are common. Conventional angiography has long been regarded as the gold standard imaging modality for evaluation of these vessels. Recent advances in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography have greatly improved evaluation of the renal arteries and veins. The present study aimed to investigate the variants occurring in the renal vasculature and to evaluate the prevalence of these variants. Methods: We analysed MDCT angiographic images of 100 patients who came to our department for contrastenhanced computed tomography of the abdomen. We analysed the images using various techniques, including maximum intensity projection, multiplanar reconstruction, and volume rendering. Results: Among the MDCT angiographic images studied, 66% of patients showed some variation in renal vasculature. The most common variant was duplication of the renal artery, seen in 16.5% of the kidneys. The circumaortic (6%) and retroaortic (2%) veins were the most common variants of the left renal vein, whereas duplication (4%) was the most common variant of the right renal vein. Conclusion: Variations in the renal vasculature occur with high incidence. Awareness of these variations is necessary for preoperative and intra-operative analysis for better prognosis and fewer complications after surgery.

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