When performing technological operations in the peat industry, various units with milling-type working bodies are used. They differ in design, layout, number and type of cutting elements, operating modes, and may have one or more working bodies. During operation, random forces and moments act on the cutters, which have a dramatically variable nature, which is associated with the periodic interaction of the knives with the peat deposit, its structural heterogeneity, variations in the milling depth, physical and mechanical properties of peat, the rotational speed of the cutter and the movement speed of the machine. In this case, significant dynamic loads arise in the structural elements, which leads to a decrease in their reliability, deterioration of the energy characteristics of the engine operation and technical and economic indicators of use. In the dynamic analysis of drive elements, when using machines with several working bodies, it is necessary to know both spectral and mutual spectral load densities.  For their calculation, expressions were obtained that take into account the physical and mechanical properties of peat, the operating modes of the unit and their probabilistic characteristics, as well as the design features of the working body. The expressions are obtained for the case when there are several working bodies with the same diameters and the number of knives in the cutting plane. In this case, the number of planes, width, type of cutting element and type of cutting (locked, semi-locked, etc.) may differ. As an example of using the developed approaches, the calculation of spectral and mutual spectral densities of moments on cutters and loads in the drive elements of the machine for surface-layer milling MTF-14 is presented.

The main source of dynamic loads in the drive elements and the design of the peat milling unit is the working body. The forces of external resistance arising in the process of performing a technological operation are sharply variable, random in nature. The article proposes a model of formation of the moment of resistance on the mill when interacting with peat. The case when there are several cutting planes with the same radius at the ends of the cutting elements is considered. When developing the model, it was taken into account that the operating conditions of the knives, determined by the type of cutting (blocked, semi-blocked, etc.), their width and type in each cutting plane can vary.Factors that determine the nature of loading, such as the frequency of interaction of the cutting elements with the fallow and the randomness of the operating conditions of the unit, lead to the presentation of the loads in the form of a sequence of pulses with random parameters. Expressions are obtained for determining the spectral density of the moment of resistance on the mill at the design stage, taking into account its design, operating modes, physico-mechanical properties of peat and their probabilistic characteristics.To illustrate the application of the developed approaches, a technique is presented for determining the spectral density of the moment on the working body of deep milling machines and in their drive elements based on a linear model. An example of calculation is given, and the obtained expressions are verified on the basis of experimental data.The probabilistic characteristics of the loads on the mill serve as initial information for the dynamic analysis of the drive system and the design of the unit, its strength analysis, the selection of optimal parameters and operating modes.

Abstract. Improving the performance of transport tractor units in operations for removing peat from production areas is associated with increased body trailers that require the use of drive type trailers with active front wheels. When designing such trailers there were difficulties in determining the transmission ratio and transmission scheme, especially in the case of using tractors with different passport interpretations of a synchronous operating mode with the power take-off shaft (PTS). The article presents the method of calculating the transmission ratio of the drive type trailers depending on the parameters of a synchronous operating mode the power take-off shaft of the tractor. The principle kinematic scheme of driving trailers is justified. Recommendations on selection of transmission units are given.

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Milling units are widely used in the construction and repair of roads. They guarantee high quality of work, have high productivity and make it possible to provide comprehensive mechanization of technological operations. During operation, significant dynamic loads occur in the drive elements and the design of the units, which leads to a deterioration in reliability indicators and a decrease in the technical and economic characteristics of their operation. Improving the reliability and efficiency of milling units is an problem, the solution of which is associated with the opportunity to predict the character and magnitude of the operating loads in the structural elements. The main source of these loads is the working body. At the same time, the forces of external resistance that arise during operation are sharply variable, random in nature. The article presents a method for calculating the spectral density and moment dispersion at the design stage. It takes into consideration the periodic character of the interaction of the cutters with the road surface, as well as random conditions and modes of operation of the milling unit. The article focuses on determining the initial data required for the calculation. The obtained expressions are analyzed and the main characteristic features of the mill loads are considered. The considered characteristics are the initial data for the dynamic analysis of the drive elements and the unit structure, as well as for strength calculations.