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Aim: To determine the success rate of initial and repeated probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) in children between 2-41 months. Patients and methods: One hundred and twelve children aged 1.8 to 13 years responded to the control examination. They were diagnosed with CNLDO in the past and now included in a retrospective study. The mean follow-up period was 5.2 years (from 0.6 to 11.6 years). Patients were divided into two groups according to their age at the time of surgery: group A (2-12 months) and group B (13-41 months). Probing and irrigation of NLD was performed in the Eye Clinic in Pleven under general anesthesia in all subjects. A controlled examination was done to evaluate the effect of probing on the basis of a history of watery eyes, regurgitation test, and dye disappearance test (DTT). Results: Of the 131 eyes in 112 children, 110 eyes (84%) had one probing and 21 eyes (16%) had repeat probing. Success rate of the initial probing was 90% (99 of 110) for all patients’ eyes: 89% (70 of 79) in group A and 94% (29 of 31) in group B. The cure rate of the repeat probing was 76% (16 of 21) for all patients: 88% (7 of 8) in group A and 69% (9 of 13) in group B. The overall success rate of probing was 88% (115 of 131). Conclusion: Nasolacrimal duct probing followed by irrigation is a commonly performed, highly successful treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children. The success rate for initial and repeated nasolacrimal duct probing is not affected by age.

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ResumeBackground: Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is one of the most common diseases encountered in the out-patient setting. X-ray of the paranasal sinuses is the gold standard in the diagnosis of ARS with its accessibility and accuracy. Ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses is a noninvasive diagnostic method which is an acceptable alternative in the follow-up of the treatment. Aim: To present the application of portable sinuson in the out-patient setting on patients with ARS and its effectiveness. Materials and Methods: 22 patients (12m/10f) underwent X-ray of the paranasal sinuses, which resulted in ARS. The results of the X-rays were compared with the ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses with a portable sinuson (SINUSULTRA ULTRAMAX). The examination was repeated on the 1-st and 2-nd week and 2 months after the treatment for ARS. Results: From the 22 patients -10 were with unilateral maxillary sinusitis, 7 with bilateral sinusitis and 5 with pansinusitis. 5 (22%) false positives were registered from the ultrasound examination on the initial check-up, 3 (13%) false negatives were registered on the follow-ups on the 1-st and the 2-nd week, 2 (9%) false negatives were registered 2 months after the treatment for ARS. Conclusion: Ultrasound examination of the paranasal sinuses is a noninvasive, painless, fast and with an adequate degree of accuracy. It is a good alternative for children and pregnant women. Ultrasound examination can be applied in the follow-up of ARS.

Purpose: To observe the factors affecting the prevalence and control of myopia among children in Pleven, Bulgaria. Methods: A retrospective study was done. From March 2019 to March 2021, 404 consecutive patients from 3 to 18 years old with the main diagnosis myopia after cycloplegia passed through the private ophthalmology practice. The following signs were analyzed: age, sex, location, type and degree of myopia, review result and accompanying diseases. Results: The demographic profile of the evaluated children was: 43.8% males and 56.2% females (р< 0.05); most of them are living in the city (89.2%). The most significant number of children with myopia were between 9 and 12 years old. Children with new onset myopia were 27.7% and 72.3% were with existing one. Patients between 8 and 18 years of age with existing myopia are more than those with new onset one (p <0.05). There were 76.7% children with a low degree of myopia, 17.6% with a medium degree and 2.0% with a high degree. Without accompanying diseases were 65.6% of our patients. Conclusion: The control and treatment of myopia seem promising. However, it is necessary to develop a state policy for the prevention of children's eye health in Bulgaria.