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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder with high levels of glucose due to absolute insulin deficiency or relative insulin deficiency (insulin resistance) affects about 20 percent of adults in South Asia (SA) in the United Kingdom (UK). This is similar to that of urban Indian population, where the incidence is about 15 percent. Despite this, there is a scarcity of data comparing SA with that of the Indian urban community in the UK. Objective: The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence and differences of undiagnosed diabetes and associated risk factors between the urban adult Indian populations living in Bangalore and in South Asians residing in the UK. Materials and Methods: The general publics above age of 30 (adult) were encouraged to come for general checkup including capillary blood glucose test during public health events held at various town halls in UK. In the UK, nearly 230 SA adults were screened at 3 separate events held in Preston, Bolton and London. While in Bangalore, at 4 events were held at mosques and the community centres and 412 adult subjects were tested. Subjects known to have diabetes (DM) were analyzed separately from those that were not known to have diabetes (non-DM. Clinical monitoring of anthropometric data and random levels of capillary blood glucose were analyzed. Results: We found that 14.6 % and 42.7% of subjects had previously documented diabetes in the UK and India, respectively (P<0.001). No characteristic differences in age and BMI were found between the subjects of SA in the UK and those in India. In Bangalore, more men (69%) attended screening programme compared to the UK (14.6 percent). Of people without history of diabetes 30.1% of Indians in urban Bangalore had elevated blood sugar in comparison to SA in the UK (10.8%). Conclusion:There is an urgent need to perform screening of adult population for diabetes in urban India, where almost 20% people have impaired glucose tolerance.

Background and aims: The burden of diabetes in India is increasing, especially in cities. We conducted a cross- sectional survey of the prevalence of diabetes and a measure of prediabetes in an urban population in Bangalore, India.Methods: Screening was conducted free of charge and without need for a prior appointment in 32 screening sites throughout Bangalore. Diabetes was defined either on the basis of a self-reported prior diagnosis or as undiagnosed diabetes on the basis of a random blood glucose measurement of >11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL). A second index of dysglycaemia, termed prediabetes, was defined as a random blood glucose measurement of >7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) but less than 11.1 mmol/L.Results: The study population comprised 3,691 subjects, screened over a period of 15 months. Previously diagnosed diabetes was present in 818 patients (22.2%), previously undiagnosed diabetes in 67 patients (1.8%) and the additional measure of prediabetes in 221 patients (6%). Accordingly, almost one-third of subjects (30%) had diabetes or prediabetes by our criteria. Diabetes (diagnosed or undiagnosed) and prediabetes were more common in older subjects than younger subjects, as would be expected.Conclusions: We observed high rates of dysglycaemia in a large urban population in Bangalore. Our data add to previous reports of a substantial burden of abnormal glucose regulation in this setting. Additional public health initiatives are required to protect the citizens of Bangalore from diabetes and its future complications.