Clustering is the most significant task characterized in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) by data aggregation through each Cluster Head (CH). This leads to the reduction in the traffic cost. Due to the deployment of the WSN in the remote and hostile environments for the transmission of the sensitive information, the sensor nodes are more prone to the false data injection attacks. To overcome these existing issues and enhance the network security, this paper proposes a Secure Area based Clustering approach for data aggregation using Traffic Analysis (SAC-TA) in WSN. Here, the sensor network is clustered into small clusters, such that each cluster has a CH to manage and gather the information from the normal sensor nodes. The CH is selected based on the predefined time slot, cluster center, and highest residual energy. The gathered data are validated based on the traffic analysis and One-time Key Generation procedures to identify the malicious nodes on the route. It helps to provide a secure data gathering process with improved energy efficiency. The performance of the proposed approach is compared with the existing Secure Data Aggregation Technique (SDAT). The proposed SAC-TA yields lower average energy consumption rate, lower end-to-end delay, higher average residual energy, higher data aggregation accuracy and false data detection rate than the existing technique.

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Dumping of industrial wastes into the sea is a common factor in and near by coastal cities where by there are mass mortalities of fishes as well as health deterioration of fish health.  These fishes are prone to secondary infections by microbial and eukaryotic parasitic species.  In the present study a survey has been made on Johnius aneus for copepod parasites infection.  The study has been conducted+ for 10 months.  3 species of parasites were recorded-Lernanthropus Otolith, Pillai, 1963 Caligus annualaris Yamaguti, 1954 and Brachiella albida Ranganekar, 1956.  To know the host parasite interaction, prevalence and Mean Intensity of overall parasites and individual parasite species have been studied.  It is found that over all prevalence is high being 44%, whereas Mean intensity is less being 1.6.  This gives an overall view of parasitization of copepods on the fish Johnius.  It indicates that infection with copepod parasites is common but not heavy.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are employed today in many application areas, ranging from health and lifestyle to automotive, smart building, predictive maintenance, active RFID tags. The commercially available sensor nodes are battery-driven devices. As days proceed, the batteries used in the nodes losses their charge and subsequently get isolated from the network. Energy harvesting and management is the most convenient ways to solve the problem of making WSN autonomous and enable widespread use of these systems in many applications. Out of various energy sources, solar radiation energy is available everywhere and fulfil the power requirement of WSN. Thus, a solar energy harvester for low powered wireless sensor networks is proposed. In this paper, a solar energy harvester which composed of a solar panel and energy harvesting module is introduced. This scheme works on the principle of photo voltaic effect. Harvested energy is used to charge the EnerChip batteries in the EH module, which is used to communicate the integrated temperature and RF signal strength information of environment at end point or WSN to the access point.